coalition

The word “coalition” means a temporary alliance of groups or parties formed for a shared goal. In plain terms, a group formed by joining forces, usually political parties or organizations working toward a common aim.

“Coalition” is pronounced koh-uh-LIHSH-uhn (/koʊ.əˈlɪʃ.ən/ in IPA).

Here is “coalition” used in a sentence: “The two parties formed a coalition to form a government.”

“Coalition” is a noun.

The word “coalition” comes from Medieval Latin. From Medieval Latin coalitio, related to Latin coalitus, "grown together" — the same root as coalesce.

“Coalition” is a fairly common word in modern English, usually learned at around the B2 level.

Both involve groups working together, but a coalition is usually temporary and formed around a specific shared goal. An alliance often suggests a longer-term or more formal bond, so a coalition can dissolve once its immediate purpose is achieved.

A coalition government is formed when no single party wins enough seats to govern alone, so two or more parties join forces to hold a majority. This is a direct application of coalition as a temporary alliance of parties formed for a shared goal, in this case running the country.

A merger combines separate groups or companies into a single permanent entity. A coalition keeps its members distinct and is a temporary alliance for a shared aim, so the partners remain independent and can go their separate ways afterwards.