English dictionary, thesaurus, translations & etymology
FreeDict.com

Etymology — The origins of English words

Where do words come from? Trace the origin and history of any English word, from its Latin, Greek or Old English roots through to its modern meaning. Every etymology is sourced.

Browse etymology by letter

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

Recently added

dipstick
Origin
From dip + stick.
prestigious
Latin
From Latin praestigiosus, "full of tricks" — the word originally meant deceptive or illusory before it softened into "impressively reputable."
successor
Latin
From Anglo-Norman successour, from Latin successor.
debut
French
From French début, from débuter, "to begin" — originally connected to "but," meaning a target or goal in a game.
banning
Origin
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Tennyson
Origin
From a Middle English variant of Dennis + -son.
briefly
Origin
From brief plus the adverb-forming suffix -ly.
influential
Medieval Latin
From Medieval Latin influentialis, built on influentia — see influence.
successfully
Origin
From successful plus -ly.
Williams
Origin
Variant of William with genitival or post-medieval excrescent -s.
litany
Latin
From Old French letanie, from Latin litania, ultimately from Greek litē, meaning "prayer" or "entreaty."
lek
Swedish
The biology sense comes from Swedish lek, "child's play" (from leka, "to play"); the currency name is unrelated, drawn from Albanian usage.
bustle
Middle English
From Middle English bustlen, possibly linked to Old Norse búask ("to prepare oneself"), with echoes of an older word meaning "to beat or pummel."
whirlpool
Origin
A compound of whirl and pool, describing water that spins around itself instead of flowing straight.
whirl
Old English
From Middle English whirlen, related to Old English hweorfan, "to turn" — the same root that eventually gave English the word "wharf".
whiplash
Origin
A compound of whip and lash, describing an injury that mimics the snapping motion of a whip.
whinny
Middle English
From Middle English whinien, related to whine — both describe a drawn-out vocal sound.
whimper
Origin
From an old dialect word whimp, meaning "to whine", with the frequentative ending -er added to suggest a repeated, ongoing sound.
reckoning
Origin
Formed from the verb "reckon" plus "-ing."
whiff
Middle English
The noun is possibly: * partly a variant of Middle English wef, weffe (“bad smell, stench, stink; exhalation; vapour; tendency of something to go bad (?)”) [and other forms], possibly a variant of either: ** waf, waif, waife (“odour, scent”), possibly from waven (“to move to and fro, sway, wave; to stray, wander; to move in a weaving manner; (figuratively) to hesitate, vacillate”), from Old English wafian (“to wave”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to braid, weave”); or ** wef (“a blow, stroke”), from weven (“to travel, wander; to move to and fro, flutter, waver; to blow something away, waft; to cause something to move; to fall; to cut deeply; to sever; to give up, yield; to give deference to; to avoid; to afflict, trouble; to beckon, signal”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps from Old English wefan (“to weave”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to braid, weave”)), or from wǣfan (see bewǣfan, ymbwǣfan); and * partly onomatopoeic. Noun sense 6 (“name of a number of flatfish”) is possibly derived from sense 1 (“brief, gentle breeze; a light gust of air”), sense 4 (“small quantity of cloud, smoke, vapour, etc.”), and other such senses. The verb and adject
wherewithal
Origin · 1800
From "where-" plus "withal" (meaning "with that"); originally used only as an adverb, it came to be used as a noun for "means" around 1800.
whereupon
Middle English
From Middle English wherupon, built from "where-" plus "upon."
whereof
Middle English
From Middle English wherof, formed from "where" plus "of."
droll
French
From French drôle ("comical"), which traces back through Middle Dutch to an old word for a stout, funny-looking little man or goblin.