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Etymology — The origins of English words

Where do words come from? Trace the origin and history of any English word, from its Latin, Greek or Old English roots through to its modern meaning. Every etymology is sourced.

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voile
Origin
Borrowed from French voile (“veil”). Doublet of veil and velum.
vauntingly
Origin
From vaunting + -ly.
utilisation
Origin
From French utilisation or from utilise + -ation.
westmorland
Origin
From Old English folk name Westmōringas (“the people west of the moors”) + land. The civil parish in New Brunswick is named analogously to Westmorland County.
wallowish
Origin
From Middle English walwisch, equivalent to wallow (“tasteless, bland”) + -ish.
vocative
Origin
From Late Middle English [Term?], borrowed from Middle French vocatif, from Latin vocātīvus (“for calling”); a calque of Ancient Greek κλητῐκή (klētĭkḗ, “for calling; vocative case”) – from vocāre (“to call”), from Proto-Indo-European *wokʷ-, o-grade of *wekʷ- (“give vocal utterance, speak”). See Latin vōx.
unthriving
Origin
From un- + thriving.
unrulable
Origin
From un- + rulable.
unidenticality
Origin
From un- + identicality.
whosiewhatsit
Origin
A concatenation of the phrases "Who's he? What's it?"
unwaking
Origin
From un- + waking.
wassail
Origin
From Middle English wassail, from Old Norse ves heill (“be healthy!”), from the imperative of vesa (“to be”) + heill (“healthy”). The earliest documented use of the term is from the first part of the 12th century CE, in Geoffroy of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae (see page's citations).
unitasking
Origin
From uni- + tasking, after multitasking.
wastey
Origin
From waste + -y.
unwary
Origin
From un- + wary. Compare Old English unwær (“unaware, unwary”) and unwærlīċ (“unwary, heedless”).
unspottable
Origin
From un- + spottable.
waled
Origin
From Arabic وَلِيد (walīd).
untrust
Origin
From Middle English untrust, untrost, untrist, likely from un- + trust. Cognate with Icelandic útraust (“untrust”). Compare also Swedish otro (“lack of faith, disbelief”).
wallaroo
Origin
Borrowed from Dharug walaru.
unstinting
Origin
From un- (prefix meaning ‘not’) + stint (“to be mean or sparing”) + -ing (suffix forming present participles of verbs), or un- + stinting (“mean, sparing”). Stint is derived from Middle English stinten, from Old English styntan (“to make blunt”) and *stintan (attested in āstintan (“to assuage; to make dull; to stint”)), from Proto-West Germanic *stuntijan (“to make dull; to shorten”), from Proto-Germanic *stuntijaną (“to make dull; to shorten”) and Proto-Germanic *stintaną (“to make short”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewd- (“to hit; to push”), probably influenced by Old Norse *stynta, stytta (“to make short, shorten”).
vinaceous
Origin
Borrowed from Late Latin vinaceus, from Latin vinum.
unhip
Origin
From un- + hip.
varenyky
Origin
From Ukrainian варе́ники pl (varényky), singular варе́ник (varényk), and related terms in other languages, e.g. Russian варе́ники (varéniki) and (particularly in Mennonite communities) Plautdietsch Wareniki. The Ukrainian term comes from ва́рений (várenyj, “boiled”), from вари́ти (varýty, “to boil, to cook”), from Old East Slavic варити (variti), from Proto-Slavic *variti (“to cook”) + masculine ending -ик (-yk). Compare вар (var, “boiling liquid; cooking, boiling”), from Proto-Slavic *varъ, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to burn, blacken”).
unsexy
Origin
From un- + sexy.