Etymology — The Origins of English Words

From coast (“edge of the land where it meets an ocean, sea, gulf, bay, or large lake”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns). Coast is derived from Middle English coste (“rib; side of the body, flank; side of a building; face of a solid figure; coast, shore; bay, gulf; sea; concavity, hollow; boundary, limit; land; country; district, province, region; locality, place; division of the heavens; compass direction; direction; location with reference to direction, side”) [and other forms], from Old French coste (“rib; side of an object; coast”) (modern French côte (“rib; coast; hill, slope”)), from Latin costa (“rib; side, wall”).

From Ancient Greek χθόνιος (khthónios, “in or under the ground”), from χθών (khthṓn, “ground”).

From carnose + -ity.

Late Middle English cavernous, cavernose, borrowing from Old French caverneux or Latin cavernōsus (“full of hollows or cavities”), from caverna (“a hollow, cavity, cave”) + -ōsus (“-ous, -ose”, adjectival suffix); equivalent to cavern + -ous.

From Italian castrato, from Latin castrō (“to castrate”), likely from caedō (“to cut”).

From close + mouthed.

Compare carriole, cariole.

Unknown and debated origin. Possibly a shortening of Chunder Loo, itself a presumed rhyming slang for spew (said to be derived from the cartoon character “Chunder Loo of Akim Foo”, drawn by Norman Lindsay for a series of boot-polish advertisements in the early 1900s), but the rhyming slang usage is not actually recorded. Alternatively, possibly from the nautical phrase "*Watch under!" ("Look out below!"), used to warn people on lower decks that someone above was vomiting over the side of the ship, though this is likewise unsubstantiated and may simply be due to folk etymology. Also possibly from tunder, a dialectal pronunciation of thunder; or borrowed from Scots *junder, junner, chunner (“to bump, knock against", also "to break or spill the contents of”), a frequentative form of jund, chund, jundie (“to jog, jostle, annoy, upset”). First attested in c. 1950.

Borrowed from Medieval Latin caudātus, from Classical Latin cauda (“tail”) + -ātus; see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and -ate (noun-forming suffix).

From Latin Carolus (“Charles”) + -ean. May be decomposed as Carol (“Charles”) + -ean.

From Middle English catt mynte, kattesminte, equivalent to cat + mint. The word’s appearance in early Middle English (c. 1230) and other Germanic languages (German Katzenminze, Icelandic kattarminta, Swedish kattmynta) means that it is very likely to have existed in Old English (as *cattes minte) as well.

From cock + -fag.

From cocoa (“coco”) + nut.

From Middle English cattestail, equivalent to cat + -s- + tail.

From chance + -able.

From coach + woman.

Borrowed from French claque (“group of people hired to applaud or boo, claque”, literally “a slap; a clap”).

From cat + back, sense 2 (the back of a cat, for riding upon) is modelled on horseback.

From Yiddish חוצפּהדיק (khutspedik), from חוצפּה (khutspe, “chutzpah”).

From Japanese 吃 (chī)

Borrowed from Irish Ciarán.

From translingual Cetacea, from Latin cētus (“whale”), + -an.

See catechize.

From coach + -ee.