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Etymology — The origins of English words

Where do words come from? Trace the origin and history of any English word, from its Latin, Greek or Old English roots through to its modern meaning. Every etymology is sourced.

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sinter
Origin
From German Sinter. Doublet of cinder.
smattering
Origin
From smatter + -ing.
solemnize
Origin
From Middle English solempnisen, from Old French solemnisier, from Medieval Latin solemnizare, from Latin solemnis.
softheaded
Origin
From soft + headed.
sifter
Origin
From sift + -er.
singalong
Origin
From sing + along.
sluiceway
Origin
From sluice + way.
solovyev
Origin
Borrowed from Russian Соловьёв (Solovʹjóv).
sizhou
Origin
From Hanyu Pinyin Sìzhōu, from the Mandarin pronunciation of both Chinese 泗州 (Sìzhōu, “zhou on the Si River”) and 肆州 (Sìzhōu), used as both the name of the prefectures, subprefectures, &c. and their seats of government.
sinlessness
Origin
From sinless + -ness.
snithe
Origin
Verb from Middle English snithen, from Old English snīþan (“to cut, make an incision, cut off, lance or amputate, cut up or to pieces, cut so as to kill, slay an animal, hew down, cut stone, hew, cut hair, cut corn, reap, mow”), from Proto-West Germanic *snīþan, from Proto-Germanic *snīþaną (“to cut”), from Proto-Indo-European *sneyt- (“to cut”). Noun from Middle English snithe (“cutting, sharp”), from snithen (“to cut”), see above. Cognate with Saterland Frisian sniede (“to cut”), West Frisian snije (“to cut”), Dutch snijden (“to cut, carve, intersect”), Low German snieden (“to cut”), German schneiden (“to cut, trim, slice”), Swedish snida (“to carve, engrave”), Icelandic sníða (“to trim, tailor”). Related to snide.
sleazehole
Origin
From sleaze + hole.
slotter
Origin
From slot + -er.
sile
Origin
From Middle English syle, from Old English sȳl (“column, pillar, support”), from Proto-West Germanic *sūli, from Proto-Germanic *sūliz (“beam, post, column, pillar”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱsewl-, *ḱswel- (“log”), from *ḱsew-, *ḱes- (“to scratch, comb”). Cognate with Dutch zuil (“pillar”), German Säule (“column, pillar”), Norwegian søyle (“pillar”), Icelandic súla (“column”), Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐍃 (sauls, “pillar”).
sniggersome
Origin
From snigger + -some.
slugabed
Origin
From slug (“(obsolete) to move slowly or sluggishly; to lie idle”) + abed (“in bed”).
sibylline
Origin
From Latin sibyllinus, Sibillinus, from Sibylla. By surface analysis, sibyl + -ine.
shumai
Origin
Borrowed from Japanese 焼売 (shūmai), from Cantonese 燒賣 /烧卖 (siu¹ maai⁶⁻²).
solrise
Origin
From sunrise, replacing sun with Sol.
soliman
Origin
Anglicization and Filipino form of Spanish Solimán, from Arabic سُلَيْمَان (sulaymān). Also an Arabic patronymic surname.
simplification
Origin
From the French simplification.
solecism
Origin
Borrowed from Middle French solecisme, soloëcisme (French solécisme) or its etymon Latin soloecismus, from Ancient Greek σολοικισμός (soloikismós), from σόλοικος (sóloikos, “speaking incorrectly”), from Σόλοι (Sóloi), an ancient Athenian colony in Cilicia whose inhabitants spoke a dialect regarded by Athenians as a corrupted and barbarous form of Attic Greek. Compare Atticism.
skronk
Origin
Imitative.
snippish
Origin
From snip + -ish.