Czech–English dictionary

generalizace

Inductive reasoning from detailed facts to general principles.

generátor

Especially, a machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

generování

The act of creating something or bringing something into being; production, creation. [from 14th c.]

Genesis

(religion, book of the bible) The first book in the Hebrew Bible.

genetický

(genetics) Relating to genetics or genes. [from 1908]

genetik

A scientist who studies genes.

genetika

(biology) The branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics, in particular chromosomes and DNA.

genialita

The quality of having extraordinary mental capacity.

geniální

(especially, _, medicine) Appearing quickly and with destructive effects.

genitálie

(by extension) Any sex organs, whether external or internal; body parts responsible for sexual reproduction or sexual stimulation.

genitiv

Of a grammatical case: in an inflected language (such as Greek or Latin), expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor; and in an uninflected language (such as English), expressing origin or possession; possessive.

genitivní

Of a grammatical case: in an inflected language (such as Greek or Latin), expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor; and in an uninflected language (such as English), expressing origin or possession; possessive.

génius

(countable) Someone possessing extraordinary intelligence or skill; especially somebody who has demonstrated this by a creative or original work in science, music, art, etc.

genocida

The systematic and deliberate destruction of a group of people, typically by killing substantial numbers of them, on the basis of their ethnicity, religion, or nationality.

genom

(genetics) The complete genetic information (either DNA or, in some viruses, RNA) of an organism. [from 1930]

genotyp

(genetics) The part (DNA sequence) of the genetic makeup of an organism which determines a specific characteristic (phenotype) of that organism.

Genovefa

A en given name.

Gent

The capital city of the province of East Flanders, Belgium.

geo-

Earth

geografický

Pertaining to geography (or to geographics).

geografie

The study of the physical properties of the earth, including how humans affect and are affected by them.

geolog

A person whose occupation specializes in the science of geology, especially at a professional or academic level.

geologický

Of, or relating to geology or a geologic time scale.

geologie

The science that studies the structure of the earth (or other planets), together with its origin and development, especially by examination of its rocks.

geoložka

A person whose occupation specializes in the science of geology, especially at a professional or academic level.

geometr

A mathematician who specializes in geometry.

geometrický

Of or relating to geometry.

Georgetown

The capital city of Guyana; named for George III of the United Kingdom.

Georgie

A state in the Southern United States. Capital: Atlanta. It is named for George II of Great Britain (1683–1760).

gepard

(cat) A distinctive member (Acinonyx jubatus) of the cat family, slightly smaller than the leopard, but with proportionately longer limbs and a smaller head; native to Africa and southeast Asia (where it is nearly extinct) and also credited with being the fastest terrestrial animal.

Germán

A member of the Germanic ethnic group which is the most populous ethnic group in Germany; a person of German descent.

germanium

A nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Ge) with an atomic number of 32: a lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white metalloid in the carbon group.

germánský

(dated, or , offensive) Having qualities that are regarded as typical of German people.

Gertruda

A en given name.

getr

(sciences) A material which is included in a vacuum system or device for removing gas by sorption.

Ghana

A country in West Africa. Official name: Republic of Ghana.

ghetto

An (often walled) area of a city in which Jews are concentrated by force and law. (Used particularly of areas in medieval Italy and in Nazi-controlled Europe.)

ghůl

(mythology) A demon said to feed on corpses.

gibon

A small ape of the family Hylobatidae with long limbs, which they use to travel through rainforests by swinging from branch to branch.

Gibraltar

A peninsula, city, and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, at the southern end of Iberia.

gigabajt

(computing, formal) One billion (109, or 1,000,000,000) bytes or 1,000 megabytes.

gigabyte

(computing, formal) One billion (109, or 1,000,000,000) bytes or 1,000 megabytes.

gigant

Any of the gigantes, the race of giants in the Greek mythology.

gigantický

Very large.

Gilgameš

A semi-legendary king of Uruk, who is the hero of the Babylonian poem Epic of Gilgamesh.

gilotina

(historical, also, figuratively) A machine used for the application of capital punishment by decapitation, consisting of a tall upright frame from which is suspended a heavy diagonal-edged blade which is dropped onto the neck of the person to be executed; also, execution using this machine.

gin

A colourless non-aged alcoholic liquor made by distilling fermented grains such as barley, corn, oats or rye with juniper berries; the base for many cocktails.

girja

A weight consisting of a cast iron ball with a single handle for gripping the weight during exercise.

girlanda

An ornament such as a garland or chain which hangs loosely from two tacked spots.

Gizela

A en given name.

gladiátor

(Ancient Rome) A person (professional or slave) who entertained the public by engaging in mortal combat with another, or with a wild animal.

glandulární

(medicine) Pertaining to a gland or glands.

glaukom

(pathology) An eye disease or disorder that is defined as a characteristic optic neuropathy, or disease of the optic nerve, possibly, if untreated, leading to damage of the optic disc of the eye and resultant visual field loss due to lack of communication between the retina and the brain, which can lead to blindness.

glazura

(ceramics) The vitreous coating of pottery or porcelain; anything used as a coating or color in glazing.

globální

Concerning all parts of the world.

glóbus

A spherical model of Earth or other planet.

glorifikace

The act of glorifying or the state of being glorified.

glosář

A list of difficult words or specialized terms used in a particular book or document, or in a particular domain of knowledge, with their definitions; a list of glosses (explanatory annotations).

glosolálie

Speaking a language one does not know, or speaking elaborate but apparently meaningless speech, while in a trance-like state (or, supposedly, under the influence of a deity or spirits); speaking in tongues. [from late 19th c.]

glukóza

(carbohydrate) A simple monosaccharide (sugar) with a molecular formula of C6H12O6; it is a principle source of energy for cellular metabolism.

Glum

A person who bears the traits or has the characteristics of Gollum in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth.

gluten

(cooking, biochemistry) The major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread. [from 19th c.]

gnóm

(mythology, fantasy) One of a race of imaginary human-like beings, usually depicted as short and typically bearded males, who inhabit the inner parts of the earth and act as guardians of mines, mineral treasure, etc.; in modern fantasy literature and games, when distinguished from dwarves, gnomes are usually smaller than dwarves and more focused on engineering than mining.

go

(board game) A strategic board game, originally from China and today also popular in Japan and Korea, in which two players (black and white) attempt to control the largest area of the board with their counters.

Goa

A state in western India. Capital: Panaji.

gój

(sometimes, offensive) A non-Jew, a gentile.

gól

(sport) In many sports, an area into which the players attempt to put an object.

golem

(mythology) A humanoid creature made from clay, animated by magic.

golf

(sports) A ball game played by individuals competing against one another in which the object is to hit a ball into each of a series of (usually 18 or nine) holes in the minimum number of strokes.

golfista

Someone who plays golf.

golfistka

Someone who plays golf.

golfky

(historical, now only, _, in the plural, or, attributive) A garment whose purpose is to cover or clothe the buttocks. [from 11th c.]

golfové hole

(US, Canada, Australia) A seat or chair on wheels, pushed by somebody walking behind it, typically used for transporting babies and young children.

Goliáš

(biblical character) A giant who, according to the Bible, was vanquished in battle with King David.

gonáda

(anatomy) A sex organ that produces gametes; specifically, a testicle or ovary.

gong

(musical instruments) A percussion instrument consisting of a metal disk that emits a loud resonant sound when struck with a soft hammer.

Google

(computing, trademark) Google Search, a search engine operated by the company of the same name; the most popular search engine and most-visited website worldwide.

googlení

An Internet search, such as one performed on the Google search engine.

googlit

To search for (something) on the Internet using the Google search engine.

Gorbačov

A transliteration of the Russian surname Горбачёв (Gorbačóv).

gorgonzola

A blue-veined Italian cheese, made from cow's milk.

gorila

The largest of the primates, belonging to the genus Gorilla; an ape native to the forests of central Africa and known for their trait of knuckle-walking.

Göteborg

A city on the west coast of Sweden, in the province of Västergötland. It is the second-largest city in Sweden.

goth

(countable) A person who is part of the goth subculture.

gothic rock

(uncountable, music) A style of punk rock influenced by glam rock; gothic rock.

gotické hnutí

(uncountable) A punk-derived subculture of people who predominantly dress in black, associated with mournful music and attitudes.

gotický

(architecture) Of or relating to the architectural style favored in Western Europe in the 12th to 16th centuries, with high-pointed arches, clustered columns, etc. [from 1640s]

gotický rock

(uncountable, music) A style of punk rock influenced by glam rock; gothic rock.

gótština

An extinct Germanic language, once spoken by the Goths.

gouda

A type of semi-hard to hard cheese originating in the Netherlands.

graf

(added to nouns, chiefly denoting occupations) A person whose occupation is the root noun; (more broadly, occasionally with adjectives) a person characterized by the root.

grafém

(Unicode) A sequence of one or more code points that are processed and displayed as a single graphical unit of a writing system.

grafický

Forming adjectives pertaining to writing (of a type specified by the first element).

grafika

(computing) The pictorial representation and manipulation of data; the process by which a computer displays data.

grafit

An allotrope of carbon, consisting of planes of carbon atoms arranged in hexagonal arrays with the planes stacked loosely, that is used as a dry lubricant, in "lead" pencils, and as a moderator in some nuclear reactors.

gram

A unit of mass equal to one-thousandth of a kilogram. Symbol: g.

gramloň

Someone who tends to drop things; (more generally) someone who is clumsy or uncoordinated; a klutz.

gramotný

Able to read and write; having literacy.

grán

(countable) Any of various small units of mass originally notionally based on grain's weight, variously standardized at different places and times, including

granát

(mineral) A hard transparent mineral that is often used as gemstones and abrasives.

granit

(rock) A group of igneous and plutonic rocks composed primarily of feldspar and quartz. Usually contains one or more dark minerals, which may be mica, pyroxene, or amphibole. Granite is quarried for building stone, road gravel, decorative stone, and tombstones. Common colors are gray, white, pink, and yellow-brown.

granule

Any artificial animal feed in pellet form.

grapefruit

The large spherical tart fruit produced by this tree.

grappa

(uncountable) An Italian grape-based spirit of between 80 and 100 proof, made from the distillation of pomace.

gratulace

The act of congratulating.

gratulovat

To express one’s sympathetic pleasure or joy to the person(s) it is felt for; to felicitate.

gratuluji

Expressing praise and approval, expressing approbation.

gravidita

The period of time during which an animal or human offspring physically develops inside the mother's body until it is born.

gravitace

(physics) The fundamental force of attraction that exists between all matter in the universe, caused by the curvature of spacetime caused by matter. It is the weakest of the four fundamental interactions, and possesses a gauge boson known as the graviton.

gravitační

Pertaining to, or caused by, gravity or gravitation.

graviton

(particle) A hypothetical gauge boson that regulates the gravitational force. It would have a spin of 2 and zero rest mass.

gray

In the International System of Units, the derived unit of absorbed dose of radiation (radiation absorbed by a patient); one joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of the patient's mass.

grázl

(pejorative) A petty criminal, especially a juvenile delinquent. [from 1908]

Grenada

An island and country in the Caribbean.

grešle

(figurative) A very small quantity or value; the least possible amount.

gril

A fireplace or pit for grilling food, typically used outdoors and traditionally employing hot charcoal as the heating medium.

grilovat

(transitive, intransitive) To cook food on a barbecue; to smoke food over indirect heat from high-smoke fuels.

grimoár

(occult) A book of instructions in the use of alchemy or magic, especially one containing spells for summoning demons.

grogy

Slowed or weakened, as by drink, sleepiness, etc.

Grónsko

A large self-governing dependent territory of Denmark, in North America.

grošák

A horse with a patchy coloration that includes a white color.

grošovaný kůň

A horse with a patchy coloration that includes a white color.

groteska

(uncountable, comedy) A style of humor focusing on physical comedy, such as slipping on a banana peel, and with foolish characters who get into humiliating situations.

groteskní

(archaic) Grotesque, bizarre

grotta

An artificial cavern-like retreat.

grupensex

(sex) An activity where couples engage in sexual activity with different partners, often in a group setting.

grupeto

(by extension, cycle racing) A large group of cyclists who have fallen behind the peloton in a race.

Gruzie

A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe. Official name: Georgia. Capital: Tbilisi.

gruzínský

Of, from, or pertaining to the Eastern European country of Georgia, the Georgian people or the Georgian language.

gruzínština

Of, from, or pertaining to the Eastern European country of Georgia, the Georgian people or the Georgian language.

gryf

A mythical beast having the body of a lion and the wings and head of an eagle.

Guadalcanal

A volcanic island in the Pacific, part of the Solomon Islands.

Guadalquivir

A river in southern Spain.

Guam

An unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the Pacific Ocean. Official name: Territory of Guam.

Guangdong

A populous province of China, located on the southern coast. Capital: Guangzhou.

guáno

Dung from a sea bird or from a bat.

Guatemala

A country in Central America. Official name: Republic of Guatemala, a Central American country.

Guatemalec

A person from Guatemala or of Guatemalan descent.

guatemalský

Of, from, or pertaining to Guatemala or the Guatemalan people.

guava

Its yellowish tropical fruit, globular or pear-shaped with thin, yellow, green or brown skin, is often made into jams and jellies.

Gudžarát

A state in western India. Capital: Gandhinagar. Largest city: Ahmedabad.

gudžarátština

The Indic language spoken in the state of Gujarat, India

guelf

(historical, politics) In the politics of medieval Italian city states, any member of a faction that supported the Pope in a long struggle against the Ghibellines and the Holy Roman Emperor.

Gúgl

(computing, trademark) Google Search, a search engine operated by the company of the same name; the most popular search engine and most-visited website worldwide.

Guinea

(historical) The coastal region of West Africa between Morocco and the Congo, particularly the north shore of the Gulf of Guinea.

gulag

(historical) Also GULAG: the system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s).

guláš

A stew of beef or veal and vegetables, flavoured with paprika.

guma

(North America, Philippines) An object used to erase or remove something written or drawn by a pen or a pencil.

gupka

A tiny freshwater fish, Poecilia reticulata, popular in home aquariums, that usually has a plain body and black or dark blue tail for the females and a more colorful tail for the males. The guppies can vary in size, but males are 4 cm (1.6”) and females are 7 cm (2.8”).

gurmán

(colloquial) A person with a special interest in or knowledge of food, a gourmet.