Czech–English dictionary

perihel

(astronomy) The point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, etc., where it is nearest to the Sun.

perihélium

(astronomy) The point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, etc., where it is nearest to the Sun.

perikard

(anatomy, cardiology) A serous membrane that surrounds the heart allowing it to contract.

Perikles

(historical) An Ancient Greek politician.

peřina

(British, Ireland, New Zealand, Canada) A quilt or usually flat cloth bag with a filling (traditionally down) and usually an additional washable cover, used instead of blankets; often called a comforter or quilt, especially in US English.

perioda

The length of time during which the same characteristics of a periodic phenomenon recur, such as the repetition of a wave or the rotation of a planet. [from 17th c.]

periodický

Having repeated cycles.

periodikum

A regularly issued thematic publication that contains the most current information in its field, often the primary means for communication of original scholarship or creative work at the cutting edge of research in its field.

periskop

A form of viewing device that allows the viewer to see things at a different height level and usually with minimal visibility.

peristaltika

(medicine) The rhythmic, wave-like contraction and relaxation of muscles so as to propagate motion, as of food in the digestive tract.

perla

(literally) A shelly concretion, usually rounded, and having a brilliant luster, with varying tints, found in the mantle, or between the mantle and shell, of certain bivalve mollusks, especially in the pearl oysters and river mussels, and sometimes in certain univalves. It is usually due to a secretion of shelly substance around some irritating foreign particle. Its substance is the same as nacre, or mother-of-pearl. Round lustrous pearls are used in jewellery.

perlík

A hammer that consists of a large, heavy, broad and flat block of metal (the head) attached to a handle typically 0.5 meter to 1 meter long. The sledgehammer's design is meant to allow it to be swung powerfully, and to distribute force over a wide area upon impact.

perlín

common rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus)

perlit

(intransitive) To emit bubbles.

perlivost

An emission of a rapid stream of bubbles.

perlivý

Containing carbon dioxide gas under pressure, especially pertaining to beverages, as natural mineral water or man-made drinks.

perm

(geology) The Permian period. [from 19th c.]

permanentně

In a permanent manner; lastingly.

permoník

(mythology) Any member of a race of beings from (especially Scandinavian and other Germanic) folklore, usually depicted as having some sort of supernatural powers and being skilled in crafting and metalworking, often as short with long beards, and sometimes as clashing with elves.

pernatý

Covered with feathers.

perník

(transitive, idiomatic, uncommon) To decorate or embellish in an ornate or intricate way.

péro

A branching, hair-like structure that grows on the bodies of birds, used for flight, swimming, protection and display.

perón

A raised floor for any purpose, e.g. for workmen during construction, or formerly for military cannon.

pérování

(vehicle) The system of springs and shock absorbers connected to the wheels in an automobile, which allows the vehicle to move smoothly with reduced shock to its occupants.

peroxid

(inorganic chemistry) A divalent radical or anion containing two oxygen atoms linked by a covalent bond; any substance containing this group yields hydrogen peroxide when treated with an acid.

perpetuita

(countable, finance) An annuity in which the periodic payments begin on a fixed date and continue indefinitely.

Peršan

(historical, countable) A person from Persia.

Peršanka

(historical, countable) A person from Persia.

Persefona

(Greek god) A minor deity, the queen of the Underworld/Hades, and goddess of the seasons and vegetation. Originally named Kore/Core, she is the daughter of Zeus and Demeter; and the wife of Hades. Her Roman counterpart is Proserpina.

Persie

Persia proper (Persis), the land of the ancient Persians, corresponding to modern-day Fars province in southwestern Iran.

perský

(countable) A person of Persian descent.

persona non grata

A person who is not welcome, especially a diplomat in a foreign country.

personál

(engineering) An arbor, as of a wheel or a pinion of a watch.

personifikace

A literary device in which an inanimate object or an idea is given human qualities.

perspektiva

The technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface.

perspirace

The action or process of perspiring.

perština

(historical, countable) A person from Persia.

Peru

A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Peru. Capital and largest city: Lima.

Peruánec

A person from Peru or of Peruvian descent.

peruánský

Of, from, or pertaining to Peru or the Peruvian people.

peruť

(military, air force) A tactical air force unit; consists of at least two flights; multiple squadrons make up a group or wing (depending on particular air force).

perverzní

Turned aside while against something, splitting off from a thing.

pervitin

A highly addictive phenethylamine stimulant drug. Its systematic (IUPAC) name is (S)-N-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine.

perzekuce

The act of persecuting, especially a specific group of people; an instance of persecution.

perzekvovat

To pursue in a manner to do harm or cruelty to; especially, because of the victim's race, sexual identity, or adherence to a particular belief.

perzistence

The property of being persistent.

pes

A mammal of the family Canidae:

pesach

The one-day Biblical feast or festival (not a holy day) that begins at twilight at the beginning of the fourteenth day of the first month (Abib 14 / Nisan 14), during which the first-born sons of the Israelites were passed over while those of the Egyptians were killed; this feast day is then immediately followed by the seven-day Feast of Unleavened Bread (Nisan 15 to 21; the first and seventh days are holy days or annual or yearly Sabbaths).

pěšec

(chess) The most numerous chess piece, or a similar piece in a similar game. In chess, each side starts with eight; moves are only forward, and attacks are only diagonally or en passant.

pěší

(not comparable) Of or intended for those who are walking.

pesimismus

A general belief that bad things will happen.

pesimista

Someone who habitually expects the worst outcome; one who looks on the dark side of things.

pesimistický

Marked by pessimism and little hopefulness; expecting the worst.

pěšina

Any set path or trail to be used by people walking.

pěšinka

(US) The dividing line formed by combing the hair in different directions.

peskovat

(transitive) To check; to reprimand.

peso

(historical) A former unit of currency in Spain and Spain's colonies, worth 8 reales; the Spanish dollar.

pěst

A hand with the fingers clenched or curled inward.

pesticid

Anything, especially a synthetic substance but also any substance (e.g. sulfur), or virus, bacterium, or other organism, which kills or suppresses the activities of pests.

pěstovat

(transitive) To cause or allow something to become bigger, especially to cultivate plants.

pestrobarevný

Having a variety of colors; variegated or motley.

pestrý

Possessing prominent and varied colors.

pět

A numerical value equal to 5; the number following four and preceding six.

petice

A formal written request made by an individual or a group of people to a sovereign or political authority, often containing many signatures, soliciting some grace, right, mercy, or the redress of some wrong or grievance. [from early 15th c.]

Pětikostelí

A city in Hungary.

pětina

One of five equal parts of a whole: one-fifth.

pětiúhelník

(geometry) A polygon with five sides and five angles.

pětka

(rugby) A score in rugby league and rugby union, analogous to a touchdown in American football.

petlice

A fastening for a door that has a bar that fits into a notch or slot, and is lifted by a lever or string from either side.

Petr

(biblical) The epistles of Peter in the New Testament of the Bible, 1 Peter and 2 Peter attributed to St. Peter.

Petra

A en given name.

petrklíč

A low-growing plant, Primula veris, with yellow flowers.

Petrohrad

A region of Saint Petersburg city, Saint Petersburg, Northwest Russia district, European Russia, Russia.

petrolej

A thin, often colorless or blue or straw-colored petroleum-based fuel, heavier than gasoline/petrol or naphtha but lighter than diesel, used primarily as jet fuel but also for heating and lighting in some remote or impoverished areas.

Petrův

(biblical) The epistles of Peter in the New Testament of the Bible, 1 Peter and 2 Peter attributed to St. Peter.

petržel

(countable, uncountable) A bright green, biennial herb, Petroselinum crispum, having many cultivars.

petrželka

(countable, uncountable) A bright green, biennial herb, Petroselinum crispum, having many cultivars.

petunie

A dark purple colour, like that of some petunia flowers.

pěvec

Any bird of the order Passeriformes, which comprises more than half of all bird species.

pěvkyně

A female singer.

pevná látka

(chemistry) A substance in the fundamental state of matter that retains its size and shape without need of a container (as opposed to a liquid or gas).

pevná linka

A fixed telephone communications cable; originally, one run over land, as opposed to a submarine cable.

pevná vůle

Mental or emotional strength that enables courage in the face of adversity.

pevně

(manner) In a firm or definite or strong manner.

pevnina

Each of the traditional main regions into which the Earth’s land surface is divided, including both an extent of mainland and various conventionally associated islands, etc; namely, Africa, Europe, Asia, Australasia/Oceania, North America, South America, and Antarctica.

pevnost

The state of being compact.

pevný

Distinct, clearly defined. [from 14th c.]

pěvuška modrá

A small European and Asian passerine bird, Prunella modularis; the hedge sparrow or hedge warbler.

phishing

The act of circumventing security with an alias.

pí

Abbreviation of Missus or Mistress; used before an adult woman's name or surname, used for any high-status woman without regard to marital status until the 1800s, after which it began to be reserved for married, divorced and widowed women and used with their married surnames.

pianista

(musician) A person who plays the piano, particularly with skill or as part of an orchestra.

piáno

(musical instruments) A percussive keyboard musical instrument, usually ranging over seven octaves, with white and black colored keys, played by pressing these keys, causing hammers to strike strings. [from 1803]

píča

(vulgar, slang) Vulva

Picasso

A surname.

píce

Fodder for animals, especially cattle and horses.

píchání

A tingling sensation of mild discomfort.

píchat

(informal, chiefly, UK, ambitransitive) To have sexual intercourse (with).

pichlavý

Covered with sharp points.

píchnout

(transitive, of an insect or arachnid) To puncture with the stinger.

pícnina

Fodder for animals, especially cattle and horses.

píď

The full width of an open hand from the end of the thumb to the end of the little finger used as an informal unit of length.

pidimužík

(mythology) Any member of a race of beings from (especially Scandinavian and other Germanic) folklore, usually depicted as having some sort of supernatural powers and being skilled in crafting and metalworking, often as short with long beards, and sometimes as clashing with elves.

pídit se

To search for and gather food for animals, particularly cattle and horses.

PIE

(linguistics, anthropology, etc.) Initialism of Proto-Indo-European.

piedestal

(architecture) The base or foot of a column, statue, vase, lamp.

Piemont

An administrative region in the north of Italy.

piha

A small brownish or reddish pigmentation spot on the surface of the skin.

pijačka

A habitual drinker, especially one who is frequently intoxicated.

piják

Absorbent paper used to dry ink.

pijan

One who abuses alcohol.

pijanka

One who abuses alcohol.

pijavice

An animal that drinks the blood of others, especially by sucking blood through a puncture wound; a hemovore.

pijavka

An animal that drinks the blood of others, especially by sucking blood through a puncture wound; a hemovore.

pijavý

Having the ability or tendency to absorb; able to soak up liquid easily; absorptive. [First attested in the early 18th century.]

pik

(obsolete)

píka

(military, historical) A very long spear used two-handed by infantry soldiers for thrusting (not throwing), both for attacks on enemy foot soldiers and as a countermeasure against cavalry assaults.

pikador

(bullfighting) A lancer mounted on horseback who assists a matador.

pikantní

Slightly sexually suggestive; bordering on indelicate.

piknik

The meal eaten at such a gathering.

piko

(informal) Methamphetamine, especially in the form of the crystalline hydrochloride.

piko-

In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10−12 (short scale trillionth or long scale billionth).

pikola

A safe zone in the children's games of tag and hide-and-go-seek.

piky

(obsolete)

pila

A tool with a toothed blade used for cutting hard substances, in particular wood or metal.

pilaf

A dish made by browning grain, typically rice, in oil and then cooking it with a seasoned broth, to which meat and/or vegetables may be added.

pilař

One who saws timber, especially in a sawpit.

pilařka

One who saws timber, especially in a sawpit.

Pilát

(biblical character) Pontius Pilate, the man who, according to the Bible, ordered the crucifixion of Jesus.

píle

The qualities of a hard worker, including conscientiousness, determination, and perseverance.

pileus

(historical, Ancient Rome) A conical felt hat worn in Ancient Rome and Greece.

piliny

The fine particles (dust) created by sawing wood or other material.

pilíř

A structure supporting the junction between two spans of a bridge.

pilník

A tool consisting of a strip or rod of hardened and coarse metal, used for removing sharp edges, shaping, and cutting, especially through metal; usually a hand tool.

pilný

Hard-working, diligent or regular (in attendance or work); industrious.

pilota

(architecture, civil engineering) A beam, pole, or pillar, driven completely into the ground, usually as one of a group that constitutes a foundation.

pilous

Any of many tens of thousands of species of herbivorous beetles, ranging in size from tiny to large, in the superfamily Curculionoidea, the most characteristic species having the head projecting in a distinctive snout with the mouthparts at the tip.

pilovat

(transitive) To smooth, grind, or cut with a file.

pilovitý

Having tooth-like projections on one side, as in a saw.

pilulka

(broadly) A small, usually round or cylindrical object designed for easy swallowing, usually containing some sort of medication.

PIN

Acronym of personal identification number.

piñata

(Latin American culture) A doll or other decorated container that is filled with candy and hit with a hammer or a stick by blindfolded children during birthday parties or other celebrations until the candy falls out.

pindat

(intransitive, pejorative) To talk rapidly without making much sense.

pindík

(slang, sometimes, _, childish) The penis.

pinďour

(slang, sometimes, _, childish) The penis.

pinta

(UK, metonymy) A glass of beer or cider, served by the pint.

pinzeta

A small pincerlike instrument, usually made of metal, used for handling or picking up small objects (such as postage stamps), plucking out (plucking) hairs, pulling out slivers, etc.

pionýr

(Communism) A member of a children’s organization operated by the Communist Party, typically in the second of three stages toward becoming a member of the Party itself.

pípání

A brief high-pitched sound, as from some electronic device.

pípat

(intransitive, transitive) To produce a beep sound.

pipina

(childish) The female genitalia.