Finnish–English dictionary

perä-

of or belonging to that part in the rear

peräaalto

(nautical) The path left behind a ship on the surface of the water.

perään

(nautical) At, near, or towards the stern of a vessel (with the frame of reference within the vessel).

peräänantamaton

(said of people and their conviction) Firm; unshakeable; unyielding; determined.

peräänantamattomuus

The state of being dogged; persistence; perseverance; tenacity; stubbornness.

perääntyä

(intransitive) To flee, often secretly; to steal away. [From mid 16th century.]

perääntyä sekasortoisesti

(intransitive, archaic) To retreat from a confrontation in disorder.

perääntyminen

(figurative) A retreat or withdrawal from an earlier position or opinion; a backdown.

peräaukko

(anatomy) The orifice of the rectum in most mammals, teleost fish, and many invertebrates, through which feces and flatus are ejected.

peräisin

(not comparable) Having a specified place or time as its origin.

peräjälkeen

(obsolete, or, rare) In succession, one after another. [from before 1150]

peräkanaa

(obsolete, or, rare) In succession, one after another. [from before 1150]

peräkärry

An unpowered wheeled vehicle (not a caravan or camper) that is towed behind another, and used to carry equipment, etc., that cannot be carried in the leading vehicle.

peräkkäin

(obsolete, or, rare) In succession, one after another. [from before 1150]

peräkkäinen

Sequential or consecutive.

peräkylä

A remote or undeveloped area.

perälauta

(automotive) A hinged board or hatch at the rear of a vehicle that can be lowered for loading and unloading.

perällä oleva

(anatomy) Nearer the rear or hind end; nearer the caudal end of the body in quadrupeds or the dorsal end in bipeds.

perämela

A single oar mounted at the stern of a boat and moved from side to side to propel the boat forward.

perämies

A backup or assistant pilot of an aircraft.

perämoottorivene

A vessel fitted with an outboard motor.

perän puolella

Behind a vessel; having a bearing of 180 degrees from ahead.

peränpitäjä

(slang, sports) The person or team in last place.

peräpää

The rear, back-end.

peräpeili

(nautical) A carved ornament on the stern of a vessel, containing a window or the representation of one.

peräpuikko

(medicine) A medicine in the form of a small plug that is inserted into a bodily cavity, especially the rectum, vagina or urethra, where it melts at body temperature.

peräpukama

A pathological condition caused by painful masses of dilated veins in swollen anal tissue.

peräruiske

To administer an enema.

peräsin

(nautical) An underwater vane used to steer a vessel. The rudder is controlled by means of a wheel, tiller or other apparatus (modern vessels can be controlled even with a joystick or an autopilot).

peräsinakseli

Stock theater, summer stock theater.

peräsinkampi

(nautical) The handle of the rudder which the helmsman holds to steer the boat, a piece of wood or metal extending forward from the rudder over or through the transom. Generally attached at the top of the rudder.

peräsinkulman osoitin

(nautical) A mechanical attachment to the steering wheel, which, in the absence of a tiller, shows the position of the helm.

peräsinvarsi

(nautical) The handle of the rudder which the helmsman holds to steer the boat, a piece of wood or metal extending forward from the rudder over or through the transom. Generally attached at the top of the rudder.

perässä

(nautical) Backward against the mast; said of the sails when pressed by the wind from the "wrong" (forward) side, or of a ship when its sails are set that way. [First attested in the late 17th century.]

perässä oleva

(anatomy) Nearer the rear or hind end; nearer the caudal end of the body in quadrupeds or the dorsal end in bipeds.

perästäpäin

(temporal location) At a later or succeeding time; after that;

peräsuoli

(anatomy) The terminal part of the large intestine through which feces pass after exiting the colon, but before leaving the body through the anus or cloaca.

peräsuoli-

Of, via or related to the rectum.

perätä

(transitive) To harass by continually repeating e.g. a request.

perätön

Without any grounds to support it; baseless.

perätön lausuma

(legal) The deliberate giving of false or misleading testimony under oath.

perättäinen

Sequential or consecutive.

perätuuppari

(nautical, informal) An outboard motor.

perävalo

One of a pair of red lights mounted on the rear of a vehicle, so it can be seen from the rear at night.

perävaunu

An unpowered wheeled vehicle (not a caravan or camper) that is towed behind another, and used to carry equipment, etc., that cannot be carried in the leading vehicle.

perehdyttää

(transitive, followed by with) To furnish or give experimental knowledge of; to make (one) know; to make familiar.

perehdyttäminen

The act, process or result of familiarizing.

perehdytys

The act, process or result of familiarizing.

perehtyä

(ambitransitive) To make or become familiar with something or someone.

perehtynyt

(often followed by with) Personally known; familiar.

perempi

(anatomy) Nearer the rear or hind end; nearer the caudal end of the body in quadrupeds or the dorsal end in bipeds.

perenna

(botany) A plant that is active throughout the year, or has a life cycle of more than two growing seasons.

perfekti

(grammar, of a tense or verb form) Representing a completed action.

perfektinen

(grammar, of a tense or verb form) Representing a completed action.

perfektionismi

An unwillingness to settle for anything less than perfection.

perfektionisti

Someone who is unwilling to settle for anything that is not perfect or does not meet extremely high standards. [from 20th c.]

perfektionistinen

(philosophy) Inclined or related to perfectionism.

perforoitu

Having a series of holes enabling easy tearing along a straight line.

perfuusio

The act of perfusing, the passage of fluid through the circulatory system.

perga

Bee pollen with added honey and bee secretions, made and stored in brood cells by forager bees, and used as food for worker bees and larvae.

pergamentti

A document made on such material.

pergamenttipaperi

Stiff paper imitating that material.

perhana

(informal, Britain, Ireland, Commonwealth, Hawaii, mildly, _) Used as an intensifier.

perhe

Of or relating to the home.

perhe-

Suitable for children and adults.

perhe-elämä

Affection for the home and its material comforts.

perheen elättäjä

The primary income-earner in a household.

perheenemäntä

(plural "housewives") The wife of a householder; the mistress of a family; the female head of a household.

perheenpää

The person responsible for governing a group that lives together, such as a family.

perheriita

(informal, colloquial) A domestic dispute, whether verbal or violent.

perho

(fishing) A lightweight fishing lure resembling an insect.

perhonen

A flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, distinguished from moths by their diurnal activity and generally brighter colouring. [from 11th c.]

perhosbroileri

(cooking, also, attributively) Poultry which has been cut along the spine and spread out for more even cooking. [from late 18th c.]

perhosen siivenisku

(alternate history) A random change in an aspect of the timeline seemingly unrelated to the primary point of divergence, resulting from the butterfly effect.

perhosia vatsassa

(in plural) Ellipsis of butterflies in one’s stomach (“A sensation of excited anxiety felt in the stomach”).

perhoskana

(cooking, also, attributively) Poultry which has been cut along the spine and spread out for more even cooking. [from late 18th c.]

perhoskäyrä

Any of several plane curves that look like a butterfly; see Butterfly curve (transcendental) and Butterfly curve (algebraic).

perhoslaastari

Any of several plane curves that look like a butterfly; see Butterfly curve (transcendental) and Butterfly curve (algebraic).

perhosoptio

(finance) A combination of four options of the same type at three strike prices giving limited profit and limited risk.

perhostoukka

The larva of a butterfly or moth; leafworm.

perhosvenytys

(sports) A type of stretch in which one sits on the ground with the legs folded into a shape like that of a butterfly's wings, slightly rocking them up and down, resembling the wings fluttering.

peri-

Of fundamental importance; crucial, pivotal.

periä

(transitive) To get; particularly, get from someone.

periä kiskurikorkoa

(intransitive, US, now, _, offensive) To lend money at exorbitant rates of interest.

periä kymmenykset

(intransitive) To pay a tithe; to pay a 10% tax

periä lisämaksu

To apply a surcharge.

periaate

A generally accepted principle; a rule.

periaateohjelma

(politics, figurative) A political stance on a broad set of issues, which are called planks.

periaatteellinen

Based on, having, or manifesting principles

periaatteen-

Based on, having, or manifesting principles

periaatteessa

In a fundamental, essential or basic manner.

periheli

(astronomy) The point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, etc., where it is nearest to the Sun.

perijä

(countable) A collector of debts, especially one who is insistent and demanding.

perijätär

A widow holding property or title derived from her late husband.

perikardiaalinen

(cardiology) Of, or relating to the pericardium.

perikardium

(anatomy, cardiology) A serous membrane that surrounds the heart allowing it to contract.

Perikleen

Of or relating to Pericles, an Ancient Greek politician, or to the golden age of art and literature in Athens.

Perikleen ajalta

Of or relating to Pericles, an Ancient Greek politician, or to the golden age of art and literature in Athens.

Perikles

(historical) An Ancient Greek politician.

periksi antaminen

(Canadian) A concession road: a narrow road between tracts of farmland, especially in Ontario, from their origin during the granting of concessions (see above).

periksiantamaton

Unremitting, steady and persistent.

periksiantamattomuus

Continuing in a course of action without regard to discouragement, opposition or previous failure.

perikuva

An original model of which all other similar concepts, objects, or persons are merely copied, derivative, emulated, or patterned; a prototype. [from mid 16th c.]

perillä

With knowledge of; party to; let in on. [from late 14th c.]

perillinen

(especially, trust law) One who benefits from the distribution, especially out of a trust or estate.

perimä

(informal, loosely) The part of a living thing that carries genetic information.

perimätieto

A tradition; a practice or set of values that is passed down from preceding generations through families or through institutional memory.

perimätyyppi

(genetics) The part (DNA sequence) of the genetic makeup of an organism which determines a specific characteristic (phenotype) of that organism.

perimmältään

In a fundamental, essential or basic manner.

perin

To a great or unusual degree, extent, etc.; extremely

perin pohjin

In a radical manner; fundamentally; very.

perinnäistapa

(legal) Long-established practice, considered as unwritten law, and resting for authority on long consent. Compare prescription.

perinne

A tradition; a practice or set of values that is passed down from preceding generations through families or through institutional memory.

perinnelajike

(horticulture) An old crop variety that has been passed down through generations of farmers by seed saving and cultivation, in contrast to modern cultivars used in large-scale agriculture.

perinnöllinen

Obtained via an inheritance

perinnöllisyys

Hereditary transmission of the physical and genetic qualities of parents to their offspring; the biological law by which living beings tend to repeat their characteristics in their descendants.

perinnöllisyystiede

(biology) The branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics, in particular chromosomes and DNA.

perinnöllisyystieteilijä

A scientist who studies genes.

perinpohjainen

Very careful and exact, giving small details.

perinpohjaisuus

The state of being thorough.

perintä

(law) The process of pursuing payments of debts owed by individuals or businesses.

perinteinen

Adhering to whatever is customary, traditional, or generally accepted. [1640s]

perinteisesti

In a classical manner; according to the manner of classical authors.

perintö

Passed on as an inheritance, by last will or intestate.

perintö-

Of, pertaining to, derived from, or possessed by, an ancestor or ancestors

perintökalleus

A valued possession that has been passed down through the generations.

perintönä saatu

Passed on as an inheritance, by last will or intestate.

perintöosa

(countable) That which a person is entitled to inherit, by law or testament, such as the part of an estate (i.e., a portion).

perintötekijä

(genetics) A theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms which may take several values and (in principle) predetermines a precise trait of an organism's form (phenotype), such as hair color.

period-geeni

(genetics) A Drosophila gene, the gene product of which is involved in regulation of the circadian rhythm.

periodi

(music) Two phrases (an antecedent and a consequent phrase).

periodontaalinen

surrounding a tooth

periskooppi

A form of viewing device that allows the viewer to see things at a different height level and usually with minimal visibility.

peristaltiikka

(medicine) The rhythmic, wave-like contraction and relaxation of muscles so as to propagate motion, as of food in the digestive tract.

peristalttinen liike

(medicine) The rhythmic, wave-like contraction and relaxation of muscles so as to propagate motion, as of food in the digestive tract.

perisynnitön

(Roman Catholicism) Of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled.

perittävä

(legal, chiefly, _, US) A dead person.

peritty

Obtained via an inheritance

perivihollinen

A principal enemy.

periytyä

To come down to a humbler or less fortunate, or a worse or less virtuous, rank or state; to abase or lower oneself; to condescend or stoop to something.

periytyvä

That can legally be inherited.

perjantai

The sixth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fifth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; the Muslim Sabbath; it follows Thursday and precedes Saturday.

perjantaina

(US, Canada, informal in UK) On Friday.

perkele

(blasphemous) An expletive.

perkele!

(vulgar, colloquial) An expression of anger, surprise, intense excitement or frustration.

perkolaatio

The seepage or filtration of a liquid through a porous substance.

perkussionisti

A trained musician who plays percussion instruments, as opposed to a drummer who lacks formal training.

Perm

A city, the administrative center of Perm Krai, Russia.

permanentti

A chemical hair treatment imparting or removing curliness, whose effects typically last for a period of weeks; a perm.

permanganaatti

(inorganic chemistry) any salt of permanganic acid: they are purple crystalline solids, mostly soluble in water, and are strong oxidizing agents