Finnish–English dictionary

darra

Negative effects, such as headache or nausea, caused by previous drunkenness due to (excessive) consumption of alcohol.

darrainen

Suffering from a hangover.

darts

(games, sports) A game or sport in which darts are thrown at a board, and points are scored depending on where the darts land.

darwinismi

The principles of natural selection set out in Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859), more strictly defined by August Weismann and developed by other authors into a central part of the modern evolutionary synthesis.

Dasein

(philosophy) Being; especially the nature of being; existence, presence, hereness, suchness, essence

dashi

A type of soup or cooking stock, often made from kelp.

datša

A Russian villa or summer house in the countryside.

de facto

In actual use or existence, regardless of official or legal status.

de jure

Legal; justified by right or by law, especially when in name only.

de-

reversal, undoing

deaktivoida

(ergative) to make something inactive or no longer effective

debatti

An argument, or discussion, usually in an ordered or formal setting, often with more than two people, generally ending with a vote or other decision.

debet-vienti

In bookkeeping, an entry in the left hand column of an account.

debiili

(psychology, dated, originally) A person of mild mental subnormality in the former classification of mental retardation, having an intelligence quotient of 50–70.

debugata

(computer science) To search for and eliminate malfunctioning elements or errors in something, especially a computer program or machinery.

debytantti

A person (especially a male) who débuts, or appears for the first time.

debyytti

A performer's first performance to the public, in sport, the arts or some other area.

deduktiivinen

Of, pertaining to, or based on deduction (process of reasoning).

deduktiivisesti

In a deductive manner; by using deduction.

deduktio

(logic) A process of reasoning that moves from the general to the specific, in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the premises presented, so that the conclusion cannot be false if the premises are true.

dee

The name of the Latin-script letter D/d.

deekis

(figuratively) A low, vulgar state.

deepavali

(Hinduism) An annual festival of light, observed during several days in October and November.

defaitismi

Acceptance of defeat without struggle.

defaitisti

Someone who advocates defeatism, or has such an attitude.

defaitistinen

Of or relating to defeatism.

defensiivinen

Performed so as to minimise risk.

defibrillaattori

(cardiology) An electronic device used internally or externally that delivers a controlled electric shock to a patient to correct ventricular fibrillation, a lack of coordination of the contraction of muscle tissue of the large chambers of the heart.

define-makro

(programming) A kind of macro in source code that replaces one text string with another wherever it occurs.

definitiivinen

explicitly defined

deflaatio

(economics) A decrease in the general price level, that is, in the nominal cost of goods and services as well as wages.

deflagraatio

The act of deflagrating; an intense fire; a conflagration or explosion. Specifically, combustion that spreads subsonically via thermal conduction.

deformoida

(engineering, physics) To alter the shape of (something) by applying a force or stress.

degeneraatio

(uncountable) Gradual deterioration, from natural causes, of any class of animals or plants or any particular organ or organs; hereditary degradation of type.

degeneratiivinen

(of an encoding or function) Having multiple domain elements correspond to one element of the range.

degeneroida

(transitive) To cause to lose good or desirable qualities.

degeneroitua

(transitive) To cause to lose good or desirable qualities.

degeneroitunut

(physics) Having the same quantum energy level.

deismi

A religious philosophy and movement prominent in 17th-18th-century England, France, and what is now the United States which rejected supernatural events such as prophecy and miracles, divine revelation, and holy books or revealed religions that assert such things exist.

deitti

A specific day in time at which a transaction or event takes place, or is appointed to take place; a given point of time.

déjà-vu

Loosely or humorously, anything one has done before or is being repeated.

dekaani

A senior official in a college or university, who may be in charge of a division or faculty (for example, the dean of science) or have some other advisory or disciplinary function (for example, the dean of students).

dekadenssi

A state of moral or artistic decline or deterioration; decay

dekadentti

Characterized by moral or cultural decline.

dekadi

A period of ten years [from 17th c.], particularly such a period beginning with a year ending in 0 and ending with a year ending in 9. [from 19th c.]

dekalogia

A set of ten works of art that are connected, and that can be seen either as a single work or as ten individual works.

dekantoida

(transitive) To pour off (a liquid) gently, so as not to disturb the sediment.

dekantteri

A vessel for decanting liquor.

dekantterilasi

A flat-bottomed, straight-sided, glass vessel, with a lip and often a small spout, used as a laboratory container.

dekkari

(slang, North America) A detective. [from early 20th c.]

deklinaatio

(grammar) The act of declining a word; the act of listing the inflections of a noun, pronoun or adjective in order.

dekontaminaatio

The process of removing contamination, particularly the cleaning off of dangerous materials.

dekontaminointi

The process of removing contamination, particularly the cleaning off of dangerous materials.

dekoodata

To convert from an encrypted form to plain text.

dekooderi

A device that decodes a scrambled electronic signal e.g. of a satellite television signal

dekreetti

An edict or law.

dekriminalisoida

(transitive) To change the laws so something is no longer a crime.

dekryptata

(transitive) To convert (an encrypted or coded message) back into plain text.

dekstroosi

The naturally occurring dextrorotatory form of glucose monosaccharide molecule.

delata

(intransitive) To stop living; to become dead; to undergo death.

delaware

A member of the Lenape / Delaware people.

Delaware-joki

A river in the United States that flows from northeast Kansas into the Kansas River.

delawaret

The Lenape people, the indigenous people of Lenapehoking, in what is now the Mid-Atlantic United States.

delegaatio

A group of delegates.

delegoiminen

The act of deputing, or of appointing or commissioning a deputy or representative; office of a deputy or delegate; vicegerency.

delegointi

(computing) A method-dispatching technique describing the lookup and inheritance rules for self-referential calls.

delfiini

A carnivorous aquatic mammal in one of several families of the infraorder Cetacea, famed for its intelligence and occasional willingness to approach humans.

Delfoi

A city of ancient Greece, the site of the Delphic oracle.

Delhi

A megacity and union territory of India, containing the national capital New Delhi.

deli

(informal) A shop that sells cooked or prepared food ready for serving.

deli-ruoka

(informal) Food sold at a delicatessen.

delikti

(civil law, Scots law) A wrongful act, analogous to a tort in common law. [from the early 16th c.]

Delila

The mistress of Samson who betrayed him to the Philistines.

delirium

(symptom) A temporary mental state with a sudden onset, usually reversible, including symptoms of confusion, inability to concentrate, disorientation, anxiety, and sometimes hallucinations. Causes can include dehydration, drug intoxication, and severe infection.

delta

A landform at the mouth of a river where it empties into a body of water.

demagogi

(pejorative) A political orator or leader, especially in a democratic system, who gains favor by pandering to or exciting the passions and prejudices of the audience rather than by using rational argument.

demarkaatio

The act of marking off a boundary or setting a limit, notably by belligerents signing a treaty or ceasefire.

demarkaatiolinja

A limit thus fixed, in full demarcation line.

dementia

(pathology) A progressive decline in cognitive function due to damage or disease in the brain beyond what might be expected from normal aging. Areas particularly affected include memory, attention, judgement, language and problem solving.

dementoitunut

Having dementia.

Demetrios

A en given name.

demilitarisoida

(transitive) To remove troops from (an area).

deminutiivi

(grammar) A word form expressing smallness, youth, unimportance, or endearment.

deminutiivinen

(grammar) Of or pertaining to, or creating a word form expressing smallness, youth, unimportance, or endearment.

demo

An event at which something will be demonstrated.

demo-

people

demografia

A demographic group: a collection of people sharing a value for a certain demographic criterion.

demografinen

Of or pertaining to demography.

demokraatti

(US politics) A member or supporter of the Democratic Party in the United States.

demokraatti-

(US, _, politics, proscribed, often, pejorative) Of or belonging to the Democratic Party in the United States.

demokraattinen

(US politics) Supportive of, run by (a member of), pertaining to, or dominated by the Democratic Party. [late 20th c.]

demokraattisesti

In a democratic way; according to the principles of democracy.

demokratisaatio

The introduction of democracy, its functions or principles, to an area or country which did not have democracy previously.

demokratismi

The principles or spirit of a democracy; the ideology of democracy.

demokratisoida

(narrowly) To make democratic.

demokratisointi

The introduction of democracy, its functions or principles, to an area or country which did not have democracy previously.

demoni

An evil spirit resident in or working for Hell; a devil. [from 10th c.]

demoninen

Pertaining to demons or evil spirits; demoniac.

demonisoida

(transitive, figuratively) To describe or represent as evil or diabolic, usually falsely.

demonstraatio

An event at which something will be demonstrated.

demonstroida

(transitive) To show how to use (something).

demonstrointi

The act of demonstrating; showing or explaining something.

demystifioida

(transitive) To remove the mystery from something; to explain or clarify.

denaari

(Ancient Rome, numismatics) A small silver coin issued both during the Roman Republic and during the Roman Empire, equal to 10 asses or 4 sesterces. Roughly one day’s wage for a skilled worker.

denaturoitu

Of alcohol: made undrinkable by adding a toxin or unpalatable substance, but still useful as a fuel or solvent. Traditionally achieved by the addition of methanol (wood alcohol) to ethanol (grain alcohol).

denguekuume

An acute febrile disease of the (sub)tropics caused by the Dengue virus, a flavivirus, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, and characterized by high fever, rash, headache, and severe muscle and joint pain.

denialismi

The practice of rejecting propositions which are strongly supported by scientific or historical evidence, and often of seeking to influence policy processes and outcomes accordingly.

denim

(uncountable) Heavy denim fabric, often blue; blue jean material.

denimi

A textile often made of cotton with a distinct diagonal pattern.

denominaatio

(countable, religion) A class, or society of individuals, called by the same name; a subdivision of a religion.

denotaatio

(logic, linguistics, semiotics) The primary, surface, literal, or explicit meaning of a signifier such as a word, phrase, or symbol; that which a word denotes, as contrasted with its connotation; the aggregate or set of objects of which a word may be predicated.

dentaali

(phonetics) A dental sound.

dentaali-

(dentistry, relational) Of or concerning dentistry.

deodorantti

An odor-controlling substance applied to the underarm to counteract odor from perspiration.

deodoroida

To mask or eliminate the odor of, or an odor in, (something).

deontologia

(specifically) The normative ethical theory that the morality of an action is based on whether the action follows certain obligations or rules, rather than on its inherent goodness, consequences, etc. [from 1930]

deontologinen etiikka

Synonym of ethics (“the study of principles relating to right and wrong conduct”). [from c. 1826]

departementti

A part, portion, or subdivision.

depata

(intransitive) To stop living; to become dead; to undergo death.

deponentti

(grammar, of a verb) Having an active meaning, but conjugating as though it were being used with a different voice (such as the passive).

deponenttiverbi

(grammar) A deponent verb.

depositio

(banking) Money placed in a bank account, as for safekeeping or to earn interest.

depressantti

(pharmaceutical drug) A pharmacological substance which decreases neuronal or physiological activity.

depressio

(psychology, usually, uncountable) A state of mind producing serious, long-term lowering of enjoyment of life or inability to visualize a happy future; any of several mental disorders with this state of mind as a central feature.

depressiokausi

(psychology, countable) A period of low morale or unhappiness (a period of experiencing the above-mentioned state of mind) which lasts longer than several weeks and may include ideation of self-inflicted injury or suicide.

derivaatta

(calculus) One of the two fundamental objects of study in calculus (the other being integration), which quantifies the rate of change, tangency, and other qualities arising from the local behavior of a function.

derivaatti

Something derived.

derivoida

(mathematics) To calculate the derivative of a function.

derivoiminen

(mathematics, calculus) The process of applying the derivative operator to a function; of calculating a function's derivative.

derivointi

(mathematics, calculus) The process of applying the derivative operator to a function; of calculating a function's derivative.

derogatorinen

(legal, of a, clause in a testament) Being or pertaining to a derogatory clause.

dervissi

A member of a Sufi Muslim ascetic fraternity of mendicant friars.

desalinoida

To remove the salt from something, especially from seawater for use in a domestic water supply

desertööri

(military) A person who has physically removed him- or herself from the control or direction of a military or naval unit with the intention of permanently leaving

design

A pattern, as an element of a work of art or architecture.

designer

A person who designs something, or who designs things as a profession.

desimaalinen

(arithmetic, computing) Concerning numbers expressed in decimal or mathematical calculations performed using decimal.

desimaalipilkku

(orthography, typography) A period/full stop ⟨.⟩ or middot ⟨·⟩ used to set off the decimal or fractional part of a number, traditionally widely used in some countries but not others.

desimaalipiste

(orthography, typography) A period/full stop ⟨.⟩ or middot ⟨·⟩ used to set off the decimal or fractional part of a number, traditionally widely used in some countries but not others.

desimaatio

(Ancient Rome, strictly) The killing or punishment of every tenth person, usually by lot.

desimoida

(archaic) To kill one-tenth of (a group), (historical, specifically) as a military punishment in the Roman army selected by lot, usually carried out by the surviving soldiers.

desinfioida

To sterilize by the use of cleaning agent.

desinfiointiaine

Serving to kill germs or viruses.

deskriptiivinen

Of, relating to, or providing a description.

deskriptiivinen kielioppi

(linguistics) The practice of describing realistic forms, as opposed to prescribing idealistic norms, of linguistic usage.

desperado

A bold outlaw, especially one from southern portions of the Wild West.

despootti

A ruler with absolute power; a tyrant.

despotismi

Government by a despot or despots: rule by a singular authority, either a single person or a tight-knit group, which rules with absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way.

destruktiivinen

Causing destruction; damaging.

determinantti

(linear algebra) A scalar that encodes certain characteristics of a given transformation matrix; the unique scalar function over square matrices which is distributive over matrix multiplication, multilinear in the rows and columns, and takes the value 1 for the unit matrix; abbreviated as: det.