Japanese–English dictionary

着実

Smooth and not bumpy or with obstructions. · chakujitsu

着席

To sit down; to take a seat. · chakuseki

着想

An image of an object that is formed in the mind or recalled by the memory. [from 16th c.] · chakusō

着手

The act of initiating, or the process of being initiated or introduced. · chakushu

着換える

(transitive) To replace the clothing of (the one wearing it), especially to put a clean diaper on (someone). · kigaeru

着替える

(transitive) To replace the clothing of (the one wearing it), especially to put a clean diaper on (someone). · kigaeru

着火

Burning fiercely; in a blaze; on fire. [18th century.] · chakka

着物

A traditional Japanese T-shaped, wrapped-front garment with square sleeves and a rectangular body, now generally worn only on formal occasions. · kimono

着陸

(intransitive) To descend to a surface, especially from the air. · chakuriku

着陸船

A spacecraft, particularly a probe, designed to set down on the surface of another celestial body. · chakurikusen

睡眠

The state or characteristic of being dormant; quiet, inactive restfulness. · suimin

睡眠時遊行症

The act of walking while not conscious or aware of it, during one's sleep. · suiminjiyuukōshō

睦月

The first month of the Gregorian calendar, following the December of the previous year and preceding February. · mutsuki

睫毛

(anatomy, dermatology) One of the hairs which grows along the edge of eyelids. · matsuge

瞑想する

(intransitive) To contemplate; to keep the mind fixed upon something; to study.

瞑目

(euphemistic) The process of death or the actual death itself. · meimoku

瞬く

(intransitive) To close and reopen both eyes quickly. · matataku

瞬時の

Occurring immediately; immediate; present.

瞬間

(historical, unit) A definite period of time, specifically one-tenth of a point, or one-fortieth or one-fiftieth of an hour. · shunkan

瞬間的

Remaining for only a brief time. · shunkanteki

瞬間移動

Any of many (mostly hypothetical or fictional) processes of moving matter from one spatial point to another without physically crossing the space in between and which are often depicted or described as happening instantaneously, and through dematerialization or gateways. · shunkan'idō

瞭然

Capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to the eye; within sight or view. · ryōzen

瞳

An organ through which animals see. · hitomi

瞳孔

(anatomy) The hole in the middle of the iris of the eye, through which light passes to be focused on the retina. · dōkō

瞼

A thin skin membrane that covers and moves over an eye. · mabuta

矛

(medicine) Prick or cut open with a sharp instrument. · hoko

矛盾

An apparently self-contradictory statement, which can only be true if it is false, and vice versa. · mujun

矛盾式

(logic, countable) A proposition that is false for all values of its propositional variables or Boolean atoms.

矛盾語法

(rhetoric) A figure of speech in which two words or phrases with opposing meanings are used together intentionally for effect. · mujungohō

矠

(medicine) Prick or cut open with a sharp instrument. · yasu

矢

A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow. · ya

矢印

A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow. · yajirushi

矢床

A gripping tool, pivoted like a pair of scissors, but with blunt jaws. · yattoko

矢筒

(weaponry) A container for arrows, crossbow bolts or darts, such as those fired from a bow, crossbow or blowgun. · yazutsu

知っている

(intransitive) To have knowledge; to have information, be informed.

知らせ

New information of interest. · shirase

知らせる

(transitive) To give advice to; to offer an opinion to, as worthy or expedient to be followed. · shiraseru

知らない人

A person whom one does not know; a person who is neither a friend nor an acquaintance.

知らぬが仏

A lack of knowledge or awareness about certain facts or situations results in happiness or reduced anxiety. · shiranugahotoke

知らん顔

To deliberately not listen or pay attention to. · shirankao

知り合い

(uncountable) A state of being acquainted with a person; originally indicating friendship, intimacy, but now suggesting a slight knowledge less deep than that of friendship; acquaintanceship. [from 12th c.] · shiriai

知り合う

(transitive) To become acquainted with (someone or something); to meet someone. · shiriau

知る

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see I,‎ don't,‎ know. · shiru

知事

(politics) The chief executive officer of a first-level administrative division of a country. · chiji

知人

(countable) A person or persons with whom one is acquainted. [from 14th c.] · chijin

知力

(in the plural) Intellect. · chiryoku

知力ゲーム

(figurative) A battle of wits, especially one commonly fought between two rivals.

知性

(uncountable) The faculty of thinking, judging, abstract reasoning, and conceptual understanding; the cognitive faculty. · chisei

知恵比べ

(figurative) A battle of wits, especially one commonly fought between two rivals. · chiekurabe

知的な

Pertaining to, or performed by, the intellect; mental or cognitive.

知的指導者

(plurale tantum) A person who provides the intelligence required for something.

知能

(in the plural) Intellect. · chinō

知覚

(transitive) To become aware of, through the physical senses, to see; to understand. · chikaku

知識

The fact of knowing about something; general understanding or familiarity with a subject, place, situation etc. [from 14th c.] · chishiki

知識人

(plurale tantum) A person who provides the intelligence required for something. · chishikijin

矩形

(geometry) Any quadrilateral having opposing sides parallel and four right angles. · kukei

短い

Of short duration; happening quickly. [from 15th c.] · mijikai

短信

A communication, or what is communicated; any concept or information conveyed. · tanshin

短刀

(weapons) A stabbing weapon, similar to a sword but with a short, double-edged blade. · tantō

短剣

(weapons) A stabbing weapon, similar to a sword but with a short, double-edged blade. · tanken

短命

An impermanence that suggests the inevitability of ending or dying. · tanmei

短所

A quality of being inadequate; a disadvantage, a fault. · tansho

短気

Often complaining; suggesting a complaint in expression; fretful, whining. · tanki

短波

(of radio waves) Having a wavelength of approximately 10 to 100 meters. · tanpa

短絡する

(transitive) To cause a short circuit in (something).

短縮

(transitive) To make shorter; to shorten (in time); to abridge; to shorten by ending sooner than planned. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).] · tanshuku

短縮する

(transitive) To cause to become smaller.

短縮形

(orthography) In the English language: a shortened form of a word, often with omitted letters replaced by an apostrophe or a diacritical mark. · tanshukukei

短距離走

A short race at top speed. · tankyorisō

短髪

A short haircut. · tanpatsu

矮人

(mythology) Any member of a race of beings from (especially Scandinavian and other Germanic) folklore, usually depicted as having some sort of supernatural powers and being skilled in crafting and metalworking, often as short with long beards, and sometimes as clashing with elves. · waijin

矮小

Very small; tiny. · waishō

矮小化

(transitive) To knowingly say that something is smaller or less important than it actually is, especially as a way of showing contempt or deprecation. [from 1782] · waishōka

矮性

(especially in, _, botany) Miniature. · waisei

矮星

(now, sometimes, _, offensive) A person of short stature, often one whose limbs are disproportionately small in relation to the body as compared with typical adults, usually as the result of a genetic condition. · waisei

矯正

(chiefly, in plural) Punishment that is intended to rehabilitate an offender. · kyōsei

石

(chiefly, UK, Irish) A boulder or large stone; or (US, Canada) a smaller stone; a pebble. · ishi

石切場

(mining) A site for mining stone, such as limestone, or slate. · ishikiriba

石化

(transitive) To turn to stone: to harden organic matter by permeating with water and depositing dissolved minerals. · sekika

石匠

The work or performance of a mason. · sekishō

石墨

An allotrope of carbon, consisting of planes of carbon atoms arranged in hexagonal arrays with the planes stacked loosely, that is used as a dry lubricant, in "lead" pencils, and as a moderator in some nuclear reactors. · sekiboku

石川

Ishikawa prefecture, a prefecture in Northern central region of Japan. · ishikawa

石川県

Ishikawa prefecture, a prefecture in Northern central region of Japan. · ishikawaken

石工

A bricklayer, one whose occupation is to build with stone or brick · ishiku

石工職人

The art or occupation of a mason.

石打ち

(legal) The practice or act of stoning, sometimes to the point of death, as punishment · ishiuchi

石撃ち

(legal) The practice or act of stoning, sometimes to the point of death, as punishment

石板

(countable) A chalkboard, sheet of slate for writing on with chalk or with a thin rod of slate (a slate pencil) formerly commonly used by both students and teachers in schools. · sekiban

石棺

A stone coffin, often with its exterior inscribed, or decorated with sculpture. · sekkan

石榴

The fruit of the Punica granatum, about the size of an orange with a thick, hard, reddish skin enclosing many seeds, each with an edible pink or red pulp tasting both sweet and tart. · zakuro

石段

A single step in a staircase. · ishidan

石油

Petroleum-based liquid used as fuel or lubricant. · sekiyu

石灰

(chemistry) Any inorganic material containing calcium, usually calcium oxide (quicklime) or calcium hydroxide (slaked lime). · sekkai

石灰岩

An abundant rock of marine and freshwater sediments; primarily composed of calcite (CaCO3); and occurring in a variety of forms, both crystalline and amorphous. · sekkaigan

石灰素

The chemical element (Symbol Ca), with an atomic number 20. It is a soft, silvery-white alkaline earth metal which occurs naturally as carbonate in limestone and as silicate in many rocks.

石灰質の

Resembling or containing calcium carbonate or limestone; chalky.

石炭

A fossil fuel that is made of impure carbon such as coal or charcoal. · sekitan

石炭紀

(geology) the Carboniferous period · sekitanki

石畳

A small, square-cut piece of quarried stone used for paving and edging. · ishidatami

石突き

Something resembling a shoe in form, position, or function, such as a brake shoe. · ishizuki

石綿

(mineral) Any of several fibrous mineral forms of magnesium silicate, used for fireproofing, electrical insulation, building materials, brake linings, chemical filters, suits, fireman's gloves, etc. · ishiwata

石膏

A mineral consisting of hydrated calcium sulphate. When calcinated, it forms plaster of Paris. · sekkō

石膏ボード

A building material comprising a sheet of gypsum sandwiched between two pieces of heavy paper, used mainly for interior walls and ceilings. · sekkōbōdo

石英

(mineral) The most abundant mineral on the earth's surface, of chemical composition silicon dioxide, SiO2. It occurs in a variety of forms, both crystalline and amorphous. Found in every environment. · sekiei

石製

Constructed of stone. · sekisei

石蹴り

(playground games) A child's game, in which a player, hopping on one foot, drives a stone from one compartment to another of a figure traced or scotched on the ground. · ishikeri

石造建築物

That which is built by a mason; anything constructed of the materials used by masons, such as stone, brick, tiles, or the like.

石造技術

The art or occupation of a mason.

石鹸

(countable, uncountable, informal, by extension, mineral) Some other substance, often a detergent or another surfactant, able to mix with both oil and water, used for cleaning. · sekken

砂

Of a light beige colour, like that of typical sand. · suna

砂をかける

(transitive) To cover with sand.

砂をまく

(transitive) To cover with sand.

砂丘

(geomorphology) A ridge or hill of sand piled up by currents of wind or water. · sakyuu

砂利

(uncountable) Small fragments of rock, used for laying on the beds of roads and railways, and as ballast. · jari

砂嚢

A specialized organ constructed of thick muscular walls found in the digestive tract of some animals, including archosaurs (including crocodilians and birds), earthworms, some gastropods, some fish, and some crustaceans, and used for grinding up food, often aided by particles of stone or grit. · sanō

砂場

A box filled with sand that is shaped to form a mould for metal casting. · sunaba

砂岩

A sedimentary rock produced by the consolidation and compaction of sand, cemented with clay etc. · sagan

砂嵐

A phenomenon in which gale- to hurricane-force winds blow soil particles up into a planet's atmosphere. · sunaarashi

砂時計

A clock made of two glass vessels connected by a narrow passage through which sand flows. · sunadokei

砂漏

A clock made of two glass vessels connected by a narrow passage through which sand flows. · sarō

砂箱

A box filled with sand that is shaped to form a mould for metal casting.

砂糖

(uncountable) Sucrose in the form of small crystals, obtained from sugar cane or sugar beet and used to sweeten food and drink. · satō

砂紋

A moving disturbance, or undulation, in the surface of a fluid. · samon

砂色

A light beige colour, like that of typical sand. · sunairo

砂色の

Of a light beige colour, like that of typical sand.

砒石

Arsenic trioxide. · hiseki

砒素

A toxic grey brittle nonmetallic chemical element (symbol As) with an atomic number of 33. · hiso

砒霜石

Arsenic trioxide.

研ぎ澄ます

(transitive) To sharpen with a hone; to whet. · togisumasu

研ぐ

(transitive) To sharpen with a hone; to whet. · togu

研修会

A brief, intensive course of education for a small group, emphasizing interaction and practical problem solving. · kenshuukai

研修生

Someone who is still in the process of being formally trained in a workplace. · kenshuusei

研磨剤

A substance used to polish. · kenmazai

研磨紙

(uncountable) Strong paper coated with (traditionally) sand or (today) manufactured aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, or other abrasive material, used for smoothing and polishing. · kenmashi

研究

(uncountable, countable, _, in some dialects) Diligent inquiry or examination to seek or revise facts, principles, theories, applications, etc. (that are currently available, or that are familiar to one's self). · kenkyuu

研究員

One who researches. · kenkyuuin

研究室

A room, building or institution equipped for scientific research, experimentation or analysis. · kenkyuushitsu

研究所

A place where chemicals, drugs or microbes are prepared or manufactured. · kenkyuujo

研究生

A person continuing to study in a field after having successfully completed a degree course. · kenkyuusei

研究者

One who researches. · kenkyuusha

砕く

To press between two hard objects; to squeeze so as to alter the natural shape or integrity, or to force together into a mass. · kudaku

砕氷船

(watercraft) A ship designed to break through ice so that it, or other ships coming behind, can navigate on frozen seas. · saihyōsen

砥石

An abrasive wheel for sharpening, polishing, or grinding. · toishi

砧骨

(skeleton) The incus bone in the middle ear. · kinutakotsu

砲丸

(countable, athletics) The heavy iron ball used for the shot put. · hōgan

砲兵

(military) A soldier enlisted in an artillery unit or who uses artillery. · hōhei

砲兵隊

An army unit that uses such weapons, or a military formation using projectile weapons, such as archers.

砲弾

A spherical projectile fired from a smoothbore cannon. · hōdan

砲手

(military) A soldier enlisted in an artillery unit or who uses artillery. · hōshu

砲撃

(transitive, figuratively, often with with) To attack or annoy in the manner of a bombing. · hōgeki