Polish–English dictionary

rytm

A rhythm.

rytmicznie

In a rhythmical manner.

rytownictwo

(art) The practice of incising a design onto a hard surface, by cutting grooves into it.

rytualny

Related to a rite or repeated set of actions.

rytuał

A rite; a repeated set of actions, especially in religious contexts.

rywal

A person or organization against whom one is competing.

rywalizacja

(uncountable) The action of competing.

rywalka

A person or organization against whom one is competing.

ryża

(of hair or fur) Of a reddish-brown color.

ryza austriacka

A quantity of paper equal to two reams (1000 sheets).

ryżowe pole

(countable) A paddy field, a rice paddy; an irrigated or flooded field where rice is grown. [from 20th c.]

ryży

(of hair or fur) Of a reddish-brown color.

ryzyko

The chance of suffering harm; danger, peril, risk of loss. [from 16th c.]

ryzykować

To take a risk, with the potential of a positive outcome.

ryzykowność

The quality of being foolhardy.

ryzykowny

(of an, act or product) Full of risks; risky; liable to be in danger; requiring courage; rash.

rząd

(politics, often, capitalized) In parliamentary and some other systems of government, the group of ministers responsible for creating government policy and for overseeing the departments comprising the executive branch.

rzadki

(idiomatic) Rare and scarce; hard to find.

rzadko

Not occurring at a regular interval; seldom; not often. [from 16th c.]

rzadkość

A measure of the scarcity of an object.

rzadkoskurcz

(medicine, cardiology) The condition of having a slow heartbeat, defined as under 60 beats per minute for an adult.

rządowy

Relating to a government.

rządy

The exercise of sovereign power.

rządzący się

Tending to give orders to others, especially when unwarranted; domineering.

rządzić

(transitive) To rule over or control arbitrarily or arrogantly; to tyrannize.

rząp

The lowest part of a mineshaft into which water drains.

rzec

(intransitive) To speak; to express an opinion; to make answer; to reply.

rzęch

The leather socket for holding the whip when driving, or for the carbine or lance when mounted.

rzecz

A distinct physical object.

rzecz rozluźniająca atmosferę

(figurative) A game, activity, humorous anecdote, etc., designed to ease tension and encourage interaction among individuals in a situation where they do not know each other well.

rzecz sama w sobie

(from Kantian, _, philosophy, _, on) A thing as it is independent of any conceptualization or perception by the human mind, postulated by practical reason but existing in a condition which is in principle unknowable and unexperienceable.

rzeczka

A small stream; a streamlet; a gill.

rzeczniczka

(by extension) A spokesman; one who speaks on behalf of someone else.

rzecznik

(by extension) A spokesman; one who speaks on behalf of someone else.

rzeczownik

(grammar, narrowly) A word that functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as person, animal, place, word, thing, phenomenon, substance, quality, or idea: one of the basic parts of speech in many languages, including English.

rzeczownik pospolity

A noun that denotes any member, or all members, of a class; an ordinary noun such as dog or city; contrasted with a proper noun, which refers to a single named entity, such as Socrates or Tokyo.

rzeczownikowy

(finance) Of, relating to, or being the amount or face value of a sum of money or a stock certificate, for example, and not the purchasing power or market value.

rzeczowy

(payment or gift) consisting of goods or commodities (as opposed to money).

rzeczoznawca

One who performs appraisals.

rzeczoznawczyni

One who performs appraisals.

rzeczy

(informal) Miscellaneous items or objects; (with possessive) personal effects.

rzeczy do prania

That which needs to be, is being, or has been laundered. [from c. 1930]

rzeczywistość

The state of being actual or real; realness.

rzeczywisty

Innate, inherent, inseparable from the thing itself, essential.

rzeka

(typography) A visually undesirable effect of white space running down a page, caused by spaces between words on consecutive lines happening to coincide.

rzekomo

According to someone's allegation.

rzekomy

Supposed but doubtful.

rzemień

(usually, in the plural, Australia) An item of footwear, usually of rubber, secured by two straps which join to pass between the big toe and its neighbour.

rzemieślnictwo

The quality of being a craftsman.

rzemieślniczka

A skilled manual worker who uses tools and machinery in a particular craft.

rzemieślnik

A skilled manual worker who uses tools and machinery in a particular craft.

rzemiosło

(countable, plural crafts) A branch of skilled work or trade, especially one requiring manual dexterity or artistic skill, but sometimes applied equally to any business, calling or profession; the skilled practice of a practical occupation [since the 9th century].

rżenie

The cry of a horse.

rzep

A fastener consisting of two strips of fabric, one covered with minute fiber hooks and the other with tiny fiber loops, which stick strongly together but can be pulled apart.

rzepa

The white root of a yellow-flowered plant, Brassica rapa, grown as a vegetable and as fodder for cattle.

rzepka

(anatomy) The flat, roundish bone in the knee.

rzęsa

Any of several reduced floating aquatic plants in the subfamily Lemnoideae of the family Araceae.

rześki

(simile, of someone's appearance) Very fresh; well-rested.

Rzesza

A German empire, kingdom or nation; its territory or government.

rzeszoto

A device with a mesh, grate, or otherwise perforated bottom to separate, in a granular material, larger particles from smaller ones, or to separate solid objects from a liquid.

rzetelnie

In a reliable manner.

rzetelny

(of an object or substance) That can be picked up or held, having a texture, and usually firm. Unlike a liquid, gas or plasma.

rzewień

Any plant of the genus Rheum, especially Rheum rhabarbarum, having large leaves and long green or reddish acidic leafstalks that are edible, in particular when cooked (although the leaves are mildly poisonous).

rzewny

Sorrowful.

rzeź

Indiscriminate killing or slaughter; a massacre.

rzeżączka

A sexually transmitted infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a species of bacteria (the gonococcus) that affects the mucous membrane of the genital and urinary tracts.

rzezaniec

A male who has been castrated, especially a male whose testicles have been removed before puberty in order to retain his boyish voice.

rzeźba

(countable) A three-dimensional work of art created by shaping malleable objects and letting them harden or by chipping away pieces from a rock (sculpting).

rzeźbiarka

A person who sculpts; an artist who produces sculpture.

rzeźbiarstwo

(countable) More generally (since modernism), a three-dimensional work of art of any material or of mixed materials, whether sculpted, assembled, found, constructed or created using multiple techniques.

Rzeźbiarz

(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the southern sky. It lies between Aquarius and Phoenix and lies in the direction of the southern pole of the Milky Way.

rzeźbić

(intransitive) To work as a sculptor.

rzężenia

(medicine, now, chiefly, in plural) An abnormal clicking, rattling or crackling sound, made by one or both lungs and heard with a stethoscope, caused by the popping open of airways collapsed by fluid or exudate, or sometimes by pulmonary edema.

rzęzić

(intransitive) To make a rattling noise; to make noise by or from shaking.

rzezimieszek

A thief who steals from others' purses or pockets in public.

rzeźnia

A public slaughterhouse for cattle, sheep, etc. [Early 19th century.]

rzeźniczka

A person who prepares and sells meat (and sometimes also slaughters the animals).

rzeźnik

A person who prepares and sells meat (and sometimes also slaughters the animals).

rzeźwy

(archaic) Lively; brisk.

rżnąć

(transitive) To butcher animals, generally for food.

rzodkiew

A plant of the Brassicaceae family, Raphanus sativus or Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus, having an edible root.

rzodkiew japońska

An East Asian cultivar or subspecies of garden radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus, syn. Raphanus sativus) bearing a large, white, carrot-shaped taproot consumed throughout East and South Asia but grown in North America primarily as a fallow crop for its fast-growing leaves (used as animal fodder) and as a soil ripper.

rzodkiewka

A plant of the Brassicaceae family, Raphanus sativus or Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus, having an edible root.

rzucać

(transitive) To cast (an image or shadow) upon a surface; to throw or cast forward; to shoot forth.

rzucać klątwę

(transitive) To cast a spell on.

rzucać okiem

To look briefly at (something).

rzucać się

(intransitive) To flop around as a fish out of water.

rzucać urok

(transitive) To cast a spell on (specifically an evil spell), to bewitch.

rzucający się w oczy

Obvious or easy to notice.

rzucanie

The action of projecting or throwing or propelling something.

rzucenie

A throw, a lob, of a ball etc., with an initial upward direction, particularly with a lack of care.

rzucić

(transitive) To cast (an image or shadow) upon a surface; to throw or cast forward; to shoot forth.

rzucić klątwę

(transitive) To cast a spell on.

rzucić okiem

To look briefly at (something).

rzucić się

(ambitransitive) To (cause to) make a sudden forward movement (present participle: lunging).

rzucić urok

(transitive) To cast a spell on (specifically an evil spell), to bewitch.

rzut

A sudden forward movement, especially with a sword.

rzut dyskiem

(uncountable, athletics) The athletics event of discus throw.

rzut na matę

(martial arts) A taking down: an act of bringing one's opponent to the ground by grabbing one or both legs and applying a rearward bending moment.

rzut oka

(also, figuratively) A brief or cursory look.

rzutki

A small object with a pointed tip at one end and feathers at the other, which is thrown at a target in the game of darts.

rzutnik

A projector that projects an image over the heads of the viewers onto a screen in front of them.

rzutować

(transitive) To place bias upon; to influence.

rzygać

(UK, Commonwealth, Ireland, slang) Vomit. [from 1950.]

rzygacz

A carved grotesque figure on a spout which conveys water away from the gutters.

rzygi

(colloquial, uncountable) vomit.

rzygowina

(colloquial, uncountable) vomit.

rzymianin

A native or resident of Rome.

rzymianka

A native or resident of Rome.

rzymski

Of or relating to Latin: the language spoken in ancient Rome and other cities of Latium.

rzymskokatolicki

Of the Roman Catholic church in particular.

rżysko

(countable, and, uncountable) The short stalks left in a field after crops have been harvested.

rzyszły

Used after a title to indicate that the person has been elected to hold the title, but has not yet officially taken it.

sabat

A formal group or assembly of witches.

Sabi

A river in southeastern Africa that flows about 400 km (250 mi) from south of Harare in Zimbabwe, through Mozambique, to the Indian Ocean.

sabot

A type of shoe with an inflexible, often wooden sole sometimes with an open heel.

sabotaż

A deliberate action aimed at weakening someone (or something, a nation, etc) or preventing them from being successful, through subversion, obstruction, disruption, and/or destruction.

sabotażysta

A person who intentionally causes the destruction of property in order to hinder the efforts of their enemy.

sabotażystka

A person who intentionally causes the destruction of property in order to hinder the efforts of their enemy.

sabotować

To deliberately destroy or damage something in order to prevent it from being successful.

sacharyd

(carbohydrate) The unit structure of carbohydrates, of general formula CnH2nOn. Either the simple sugars or polymers such as starch and cellulose. The saccharides exist in either a ring or short chain conformation, and typically contain five or six carbon atoms.

sączyć się

(intransitive) To pass through a filter or to act as though passing through a filter.

sąd

(often capitalized) The judge or judges or other judicial officer presiding in a particular matter, particularly as distinguished from the counsel or jury, or both.

sąd boży

(historical) A trial in which the accused was subjected to a dangerous test (such as ducking in water), divine authority deciding the guilt of the accused.

sąd ostateczny

The day when God is expected to judge the world; the end times.

sąd przysięgłych

(law) A group of individuals chosen from the general population to hear and decide a case in a court of law.

sadhu

(Hinduism) An ascetic or practitioner of yoga (yogi) who has given up pursuit of the first three Hindu goals of life: kama (enjoyment), artha (practical objectives) and even dharma (duty).

sadło

a type of fatback, or non-rendered underskin pig fat consumed in Central and Eastern Europe, usually seasoned

sadomasochizm

The practices of sadism and masochism collectively, usually in reference to consensual practices within the BDSM community.

sądownictwo

The collective body of judges, justices, etc.

sądowy

Relating to the use of science and technology in the investigation and establishment of facts or evidence in a court of law.

sadyba

(dated, or, legal) Stay or continuance in a place; sojourn. [Attested from (1350 to 1470) to the mid 18th century.]

sadysta

One who derives pleasure through cruelty or pain to others.

sadystyczny

Of behaviour which gives pleasure in the pain or humiliation of others.

sadza

Fine black or dull brown particles of amorphous carbon and tar, produced by the incomplete combustion of coal, oil etc.

sadzać

(transitive) To cause to occupy a post, site, or situation; to station; to establish; to fix; to settle.

sadzak

A tool with a handle on one end and a point on the other, used in the garden to poke holes in preparation for planting seeds, bulbs, etc.

sadzawka

An inland body of standing water, either natural or man-made, that is smaller than a lake.

sądzić

(transitive) To accept as true, particularly without absolute certainty (i.e., as opposed to knowing).

sądzić się

(intransitive, construed with on) To go to law; to carry on a lawsuit.

sadzonka

(countable, horticulture) A leaf, stem, branch, or root removed from a plant and cultivated to grow a new plant.

sadzony

(specifically, of an egg) Fried with the yolk unbroken.

sadzowaty

Pertaining to or resembling soot in such features as colour, texture or taste; sooty, dusky. [from 16th c.]

safari

A trip into any undeveloped area to see, photograph or to hunt wild animals in their own environment.

sąg

A unit of measurement for firewood, equal to 128 cubic feet (4 × 4 × 8 feet), composed of logs and/or split logs four feet long and none over eight inches diameter. It is usually seen as a stack four feet high by eight feet long.

Sahara

A desert in North Africa and the largest hot desert in the world.

sajgon

A confused, muddled, or messed-up condition or state; a ridiculously chaotic situation; confusion or chaos regarded as the normal state.

sajonara

(informal, often, _, jocular, especially, _, used when referring to Japan) Goodbye, adieu.

sake

(alcohol) Rice wine; a drink made from filtered fermented rice.

saki

Any of several species of South American monkeys of the genus Pithecia with large ears and a long hairy tail that is not prehensile.