Polish–English dictionary

tofu

A protein-rich food made from curdled soy milk.

Togo

A country in West Africa. Official name: Togolese Republic.

tok

A type of hat with no brim.

tokarka

(tools, metalworking, woodworking) A machine tool used to shape a piece of material, or workpiece, by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool.

tokarz

A person who turns and shapes wood etc. on a lathe.

Tokio

A prefecture and capital city of Japan.

tokować

(biology, intransitive) To take part in the courtship and display behaviour of a lek.

toksykologia

(sciences, pharmacology) The branch of pharmacology that deals with the nature, effect, detection and treatment of poisons and poisoning.

tolerancja

(uncountable) The ability or practice of tolerating; an acceptance of or patience with the beliefs, opinions or practices of others; a lack of bigotry. [from 18th c.]

tolerancyjny

Tending to permit, allow, understand, or accept something.

tolerować

(transitive) To allow or permit without explicit approval, usually if it is perceived as negative.

tom

One in a series of volumes.

Tomaszewicz

A surname originating as a patronymic.

ton

(language, dated) A whining style of speaking; a kind of mournful or artificial strain of voice; an affected speaking with a measured rhythm and a regular rise and fall of the voice.

tona

(chiefly, _, US) A unit of mass equal to 1000 kilograms, about 2204.6 pounds avoirdupois.

tonąć

(intransitive) To be flooded: to be inundated with or submerged in (literally) water or (figuratively) other things; to be overwhelmed.

tonacja

(music) A scale or group of pitches constituting the basis of a musical composition.

tonalność

(music) The system of seven tones built on a tonic key; the 24 major and minor scales.

toner

Powder used in laser printers and photocopiers to form the text and images on the printed paper.

tong

A Chinese secret society or gang.

Tonga

A country and archipelago of Polynesia in Oceania. Official name: Kingdom of Tonga. Capital and largest city: Nuku'alofa.

toolkit

(computing) A set of software tools or components.

top

A garment worn to cover the torso.

top masztu

(UK, AU) The title (normally in a large and distinctive font) of a newspaper or other periodical at the top of the front page; (by extension) the publication itself or the rights to it.

topazowy

Of a yellowish-brown color, like that of the gemstone.

topić

(ergative) To change (or to be changed) from a solid state to a liquid state, usually by a gradual heat.

topić się

(transitive, figurative) To soften, as by a warming or kindly influence; to relax; to render gentle or susceptible to mild influences; sometimes, in a bad sense, to take away the firmness of; to weaken.

toples

(chiefly, of a female) Not wearing a garment covering the top half of the body; naked from the waist up.

topless

(chiefly, of a female) Not wearing a garment covering the top half of the body; naked from the waist up.

topnieć

(ergative) To change (or to be changed) from a solid state to a liquid state, usually by a gradual heat.

topnik

A chemical agent for cleaning metal prior to soldering or welding.

topografia

The features themselves; terrain.

topograficzny

Of or relating to topography.

topola

Any of various deciduous trees of the genus Populus.

topologia

(mathematics, uncountable) The branch of mathematics dealing with those properties of a geometrical object (of arbitrary dimensionality) that are unchanged by continuous deformations (such as stretching, bending, etc., without tearing or gluing).

topór

An ancient weapon consisting of a head that has one or two blades and a long handle.

toporek

A small, light axe with a short handle; a tomahawk.

topos

A literary theme or motif; a rhetorical convention or formula.

tor

A chemical element (symbol Th) with atomic number 90. A weakly radioactive, malleable, moderately hard silvery metal that tarnishes black when exposed to air.

tor do wyścigów konnych

(British, AU) A racetrack where horse races are run.

tor tramwajowy

(chiefly, UK, Ireland) The track on which a tram (streetcar) runs.

tor wyścigowy

A course over which races are run.

torba

(countable, uncountable) In certain phrases: money.

torba na ramię

A tote bag.

torbacz

Any member of the mammalian infraclass Marsupialia, including those where the female has a pouch in which it rears its young through early infancy, such as kangaroos, koalas, wombats and opossums, as well as the pouchless shrew opossums.

torbiel

A pouch or sac without opening, usually membranous and containing morbid matter, which develops in one of the natural cavities or in the substance of an organ.

toreador

(bullfighting) A bullfighter, especially one on horseback.

torebka

(countable, uncountable) In certain phrases: money.

torebka nasienna

(botany) A type of simple, dehiscent, dry fruit (seed-case) produced by many species of flowering plants, such as poppy, lily, orchid, willow and cotton.

torebka stawowa

(physiology) A membranous envelope.

torf

Soil formed of dead but not fully decayed plants found in bog areas, often burned as fuel. [from 14th c.]

torfowisko

(wetland science, specifically) An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)

torfowisko niskie

A type of wetland fed by ground water and runoff, containing peat below the waterline, characteristically alkaline.

torkwes

(historical) A tightly braided necklace or collar, often made of metal, worn by various early European peoples.

tornado

(meteorology) A violent wind in the form of a mobile, rapidly rotating, funnel cloud that has contacted the ground.

tornister

A bag or case with one or two shoulder straps, especially used to carry books etc.

toroid

(mathematics) A surface generated by a closed curve (especially a circle) rotating about, but not intersecting or containing, an axis in its own plane.

Toronto

The capital city of Ontario, Canada and largest city Canada.

torować

To make easy or easier.

torować drogę

To make future progress or development easier. [with for]

torreador

(bullfighting) A bullfighter, especially one on horseback.

torrent

(Internet, file sharing) A set of files obtainable through a peer-to-peer network, especially BitTorrent.

tort

A rich, sweet dessert food, typically made of flour, sugar, and eggs and baked in an oven, and often covered in icing.

tortellini

(cooking, food) A kind of small, ring-shaped pasta, stuffed with meat, cheese, etc; and eaten with a sauce or in a soup.

tortilla

A molded omelette made with the addition of fried potatoes and often onions.

torturować

(transitive) To intentionally inflict severe pain or suffering on (someone), usually with the aim of forcing confessions or punishing them.

torus

(geometry) The standard representation of such a space in 3-dimensional Euclidean space: a surface or solid formed by rotating a closed curve, especially a circle, about a line which lies in the same plane but does not intersect it (e.g. like a ring doughnut).

Toskania

An administrative region of Italy, located north of Lazio and south of Emilia-Romagna.

totalitarny

Of or relating to a system of government where the people have virtually no authority and the state wields absolute control of every aspect of the country, socially, financially, and politically.

totalitaryzm

A system of government in which the people have virtually no authority and the state wields absolute control, for example, a dictatorship.

totalizm

A system of government in which the people have virtually no authority and the state wields absolute control, for example, a dictatorship.

totalny

(used as an intensifier) Complete; absolute.

totem

Any natural object or living creature that serves as an emblem of a tribe, clan or family; the representation of such an object or creature.

toteż

As a result; for that reason; therefore; because of this; due to this.

Tottenham

(soccer) Tottenham Hotspur F.C., a football club in north London.

tow.

Abbreviation of comrade (as a title).

towar

(business) Anything movable (a good) that is bought and sold. [from 15th c.]

towarzyski

Naturally and genuinely easy to get along with.

towarzystwo

A group of persons associated for a common purpose; an organization; society.

towarzysz

A friend, acquaintance, or partner; someone with whom one spends time or accompanies

towarzyszący

Present together.

towarzyszka

A friend, acquaintance, or partner; someone with whom one spends time or accompanies

towarzyszyć

(transitive) To go with or attend as a companion or associate; to keep company with; to go along with.

toyota

(automotive) A car of the brand Toyota

tożsamość

The difference or character that marks off an individual or collective from the rest of the same kind; selfhood; the sense of who something or someone or oneself is, or the recurring characteristics that enable the recognition of such an individual or group by others or themselves.

trąba

(brass instrument) A musical instrument of the brass family, generally tuned to the key of B-flat; by extension, any type of lip-vibrated aerophone, most often valveless and not chromatic.

trąba powietrzna

(meteorology) A violent wind in the form of a mobile, rapidly rotating, funnel cloud that has contacted the ground.

trąba wodna

A whirlwind that forms over water, not associated with a mesocyclone of a thunderstorm (contrary to a true tornado).

trąbić

(transitive, intransitive) To use a car horn.

trąbka

(brass instrument) A musical instrument of the brass family, generally tuned to the key of B-flat; by extension, any type of lip-vibrated aerophone, most often valveless and not chromatic.

trąbka sygnałowa

(brass instrument, historical, or, poetic) A medieval brass instrument chiefly used as a battle signal; related to the trumpet, it had a narrow, straight pipe and a high-pitched, piercing sound.

trącać

(ambitransitive) To bump into or brush against while in motion; to push aside.

tracić

(transitive) To waste (time); to waste money or other resources.

tracić na wartości

(intransitive) To decrease, diminish, or lessen in condition, degree, value, etc. [from 18th c.]

tracić nadzieję

(transitive) To lose hope concerning (someone or something)

Tracja

A historical region of Southeast Europe, now divided between Greece, Bulgaria and Turkey.

trący

(phonetics) produced by air flowing through a restriction in the oral cavity.

tradycja

(legal) Long-established practice, considered as unwritten law, and resting for authority on long consent. Compare prescription.

tradycjonalista

A person who adheres to tradition, especially in cultural or religious practices.

tradycjonalistka

A person who adheres to tradition, especially in cultural or religious practices.

tradycyjnie

In a traditional manner.

tradycyjny

(business) Buildings and property for the conduct of business, particularly in the sale of retail goods to the general public. (Used to contrast an Internet-based sales operation that lacks customer-oriented store fronts and a "traditional" one for which most capital investment might be in the building infrastructure.) [from mid-1990s]

trądzik

A pattern of blemishes in an area of skin resulting from the skin condition.

traf

Of events, the appearance of a meaningful connection when there is none.

trafiać

(transitive, archaic) To happen to; to befall.

trafić

(transitive, archaic) To happen to; to befall.

trafić piłką do kosza bez dotknięcia obręczy

(basketball) To make a successful basketball shot that does not touch the rim or backboard.

trafienie

A collision of a projectile with the target.

trafienie piłką do kosza bez dotknięcia obręczy

(basketball) A successful basketball shot that does not touch the rim or backboard.

trafnie

In an accurate manner; exactly; precisely; without error or defect.

tragedia

A disastrous event, especially one involving great loss of life or injury.

tragicznie

In a tragic manner.

trailer

An unpowered wheeled vehicle (not a caravan or camper) that is towed behind another, and used to carry equipment, etc., that cannot be carried in the leading vehicle.

trajektoria

(sports) The trajectory of a ball, frisbee etc.

trajkotać

(transitive) To utter rapidly or indistinctly; to gabble.

trajkotanie

Rattling sound.

trajkotka

(musical instruments) A musical instrument that makes a rattling sound. [from 17th c.]

traktat

A formal, usually lengthy, systematic discourse on some subject.

traktor

(automotive) The front part of a semi-trailer type truck, i.e., the tractor to which the trailer part attaches.

traktować

(transitive) To behave in a certain way towards.

traktowanie

The process or manner of treating someone or something.

trambambula

(chiefly, _, US, Canada) table soccer (US), table football (UK)

tramp

(North America) A wandering homeless person, especially (historical) one illegally travelling by rail or (pejorative) a penniless, unemployed bum.

trampek

(footwear) A shoe designed for sports or other forms of physical exercise, typically with a soft, rubber sole.

trampolina

structure used for competitive diving, consisting of a vertical rigid tower with one or more horizontal platforms extending out over a deep pool of water.

tramwajarz

Pyrrhocoris apterus, a common red and black insect, that is the type species of the family Pyrrhocoridae.

trance

(uncountable, music genre) Ellipsis of trance music (“genre of electronic dance music”).

transakcja

A particular instance of trading (buying or selling; exchanging; bartering); a transaction.

transatlantycki

(geography) On, spanning or crossing, or from the other side of the Atlantic Ocean.

Transfiguracja

(Christianity) An annual feast day, observed on August 6th (Gregorian) or 19th (Julian), celebrating the miracle when the face of Jesus "shone like the sun" before the apostles.

transformacja

The act of transforming or the state of being transformed.

transformacyjny

That causes a transformation; causing a notable and lasting change

transformować

(transitive) To change greatly the appearance or form of.

transfuzja

(medicine) The transfer of blood or blood products from one individual to another.

transgresja

An act that goes beyond generally accepted boundaries.

transkrypcja

(linguistics) A representation of speech sounds as phonetic symbols.

transkrypt

(genetics) A molecule of RNA produced by transcription.

translacja

A translation.

translator

A person or thing that translates meaning from one language into another, particularly

translatorka

A person or thing that translates meaning from one language into another, particularly

transliteracja

(linguistics, translation studies) The act or product of transliterating, of representing letters or words in the characters of another alphabet or script.

transliterować

(transitive) To represent letters or words in the characters of another writing system.

transnarodowy

Between or beyond national boundaries.

transparent

Any large sign, especially when made of soft material or fabric.

transparentny

(of a system or organization) Open, public; having the property that theories and practices are publicly visible, thereby reducing the chance of corruption.

transplantacja

(medicine) An operation (procedure) in which tissue or an organ is transplanted: an instance of transplantation.

transport

A load of goods that is transported by any method (not just by ship).

transporter

A vehicle used to transport (passengers, mail, freight, troops etc.)

transportować

(transitive) To carry or transport something, with a connotation that the item is heavy or otherwise difficult to move.

transpozycja

(especially, _, mathematics) The act or process of transposing or interchanging.