Etymology — The origins of English words

From French Jura, perhaps of Celtic origin.

From Middle English ner-bi, formed from near + by.

From Egyptian twt-ankh-imn, meaning "Living Image of Amun", referring to the Egyptian god Amun.

From Latin Euphrates, from Greek Euphrátēs, tracing back through Old Persian and Akkadian to a much older regional name.

From Arabic kabāb, reaching English partly via Turkish, Persian, and Urdu.

From Greek mesos "middle" and potamos "river," meaning "land between rivers."

From French exprès, from Latin expressus, "clearly stated" — the past participle of exprimere, "to press out".

From Middle French expressif, from the same root as "express".

Simply cow + boy, referring to someone who works cattle.

From library plus the agent-forming suffix -an; first recorded in English around 1710.

Borrowed directly from German, literally "sour cabbage" — from sauer ("sour") and Kraut ("cabbage").

From Old French carpite, tracing back through Medieval Latin to an Armenian word for a woven rug — the trade route for early carpets left its mark on the word itself.

From Middle English huntere, built from hunt plus the agent suffix -er — literally "one who hunts."

First recorded in 1765 as a mocking name Southern colonists gave to New Englanders; its deeper origin is debated, with theories ranging from a Native American word to a Dutch nickname, Janke, a pet form of "Jan."

From "crow" (an old name for a metal lever, since its forked end resembled a crow's foot) plus "bar."

From Latin "Plūtō", from Greek "Ploútōn", god of the underworld; the informal verb sense arose after the dwarf planet Pluto was demoted from full planet status in 2006.

From Latin Neptūnus, the Roman god of the sea, possibly linked to an ancient root meaning "wet" or "cloudy."

Named after Uranus, the Greek god of the sky, via Latin Ūranus.

From Old English scofl, related to the verb "shove" plus an instrument-forming suffix.

From Old French houe, ultimately from a Frankish word meaning "to hew".

From Old English middel, related to "mid" and ultimately to Latin medius — all sharing the ancient Indo-European root for "between" or "in the middle."

A straightforward compound of "middle" and "man," describing someone who stands between two parties in a transaction.

Recorded in Latin as Genava; likely from a very old root referring to a bend or mouth of a river, related to the source of the name Genoa.

From Alemannic German Bärn, of uncertain further origin. A popular folk etymology says it was named by its founder, Berthold V, Duke of Zähringen, after the first animal he saw in the area, a Bär(in) (“bear”) (compare Berlin, subject to a similar folk etymology). The name is now thought to be connected to a Celtic word, Proto-Celtic *berna (“cleft”) (from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to carve out, cut”)) and *branos (“raven”) (compare the name ΒΡΕΝΟΔΩΡ (BRENODŌR), on the Bern zinc tablet, which has also been connected with the Gaulish name Brennus). More at Bern.