Etymology — The Origins of English Words

From note + case.

* Modern uses are probably men + -ish. * Older ones may be from Middle English mennish (“human”), from Old English mennisċ, from Proto-West Germanic *mannisk, from Proto-Germanic *manniskaz, from Proto-Germanic *mann- (“person, human”), from Proto-Indo-European *mon- or *men-. By surface analysis, man + -ish. Doublet of mannish, mense, and mensch.

Borrowed from German Katzenjammer (“hangover”, literally “the wailing of cats”); a determinative compound formed from Katze (“cat”) + -n- + Jammer (“wailing; lamentation”).

From Middle English inordinat, from Latin inōrdinātus (“not arranged, disordered, irregular”), from in- + ordinatus, past participle of ōrdināre (“to arrange, order”).

From pike + -er. In some senses, it has been linked etymologically to the word pikey as well as to Pike County in eastern Missouri https://web.archive.org/web/20051111194645/http://www.yourdictionary.com/ahd/p/p0300200.html. In the latter instance the term originally denoted poor immigrants to California.

From Late Latin recapitulātus, past participle of recapitulāre (“to go over the main points of a thing again”), from re- (“again”) + capitulum (“head, main part, chapter”), from caput (“head”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix); see capitulate. By surface analysis, re- + capitulate.

By surface analysis, hyp- + ox- + -emia.

From Latin quadruplex (“fourfold, quadruple”), from quattuor (“four”) + plico (“fold”). By surface analysis, quadru- + -plex.

From legal + -ise. Piecewise doublet of loyalise.

1880, from the phrase over the side (of a ship), equivalent to over + side.

First attested in 1542; borrowed from Late Latin meliorātus, perfect passive participle of meliorō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from melior (“better”).

See Plutonic.

Derived from Welsh bara pyglyd (“pitchy [i.e. dark or sticky] bread”), later shortened simply to pyglyd. The early 17th century lexicographer, Randle Cotgrave, spoke of "our Welsh barrapycleds". The word spread to the West Midlands of England, where it was anglicised to picklets and then to pikelets.

From mingy + -ness.

From Middle English illuminen (“to light, light up; to shine; (figuratively) to enlighten spiritually; to make illustrious”) [and other forms], from Old French illuminer (“to light up, illuminate; (figuratively) to enlighten”) (modern French illuminer), from Latin illūmināre, the present active infinitive of illūminō (“to light up, illuminate; to brighten; to adorn; to make conspicuous”), from il- (variant of in- (prefix meaning ‘in, within’; intensifying prefix)) + lūminō (“to illuminate; to brighten; (figuratively) to reveal”) (from lūmen (“light; light source; (poetic) brightness; daylight”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“to shine; to see; bright”)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)).

From on- + rush. Compare Middle English onresen (“to rush upon; attack”), from Old English onrǣsan (“to rush, rush on”); Old English onrǣs (“an onrush, assault, attack”).

From non- + specific.

From Middle French invertir.

Learned borrowing from Latin rhombus, from Ancient Greek ῥόμβος (rhómbos, “rhombus, spinning top”). Doublet of rhomb and rhumb.

From Middle English heerar, herere, hyerere, equivalent to hear + -er.

From Latin pugil (“boxer”) + -ist, related to pugnus (“fist”), from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”). Compare contemporary pugilism (“boxing”) (1791).

Calque of German Heimweh (“homesickness”, literally “home-woe”), equivalent to home + sickness.

From incumbent + -cy.

Perhaps formed within English as a back-formation from pulsation (attested from the early 15th century, in Middle English). A figurative derivation from New Latin pulsō, pulsātum (“(of an organ) to pulse, to emit a pulse”, intransitive) is also possible, itself a back-formation of New Latin pulsātiō (“pulsation”, 14th century), or derived from classical Latin pulsō (“to strike repeatedly”, transitive) with semantic influence from classical pulsus (“a pulse”). Ultimately from Latin pellō (“to strike”). By surface analysis, pulse + -ate (verb-forming suffix). Doublet of push.