Etymology — The origins of English words

Borrowed from Irish Ó Cinnéidigh (ceann (“head”) + éidigh (“ugly”)) or Scottish Gaelic Ceannaideach (ceann (“head”) + aideach (“ugly”). Compare Kenneth and Irish eitigh (“refuse, reject”).

Formed from apprentice plus the suffix -ship, which turns a role into the state or system around it (compare friendship, leadership).

A compound of fire and fight.

From Latin Beatrix, related to beatus ("blessed, happy").

Literally "broad way," a wide road — the name has been used for centuries for wide thoroughfares, with the Manhattan street becoming the most famous example.

From batter + -ed.

From sigh + -ing.

From "speed" plus the "-ing" ending.

A calque of French éventualité, from eventual + -ity.

From psycho- + -pathic.

Formed from ir- ("not") plus respective.

From Italian conte, a doublet of the English words comte and count — all tracing back to the same Latin root.

Borrowed in the 20th century from Norwegian Kristin, a variant of Christina.

Formed from re- ("again") plus check.

From bombard plus the suffix -ment.

From wear + -able.

From in- plus calculable.

From Latin inicere/injicere, "to throw into," from in- plus iacere, "to throw."

From "fashionable" plus the adverb-forming suffix "-ly."

PIE word *ḱóm From Late Middle English cataractes, cataractis, cateractes, used to translate καταρράκται (katarrháktai, “(probably) floodgates, sluices”) in the Septuagint and cataractae (“floodgates, sluices”) in the Vulgate versions of the Bible. The Middle English words are plural forms of cataract, cataracta, cateract, cateracte (“floodgate of heaven”), from Old French cataracte (modern French cataracte), and from its etymon Latin cataracta (“floodgate; waterfall”), from Ancient Greek καταρ(ρ)άκτης (katar(rh)áktēs, “(noun) waterfall; (adjective) rushing downwards”), from καταρ(ρ)ᾱ́σσω (katar(rh)ā́ssō, “to pour down; to rush downwards”) + -της (-tēs, suffix forming nouns denoting a state of being). Καταρ(ρ)ᾱ́σσω (Katar(rh)ā́ssō) is derived either: * from κᾰτᾰ- (kătă-, prefix meaning ‘downwards’) + ἀρᾰ́σσω (arắssō, “to dash to pieces; to strike”) (further etymology unknown, possibly onomatopoeic) or ῥᾱ́σσω (rhā́ssō, “to dash; to strike”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wreh₂ǵʰ- (“to pound, strike”)); or * from καταρρηγνύναι (katarrhēgnúnai, “to break down”). By surface analysis, cataract + -s (suffix forming pluralia tantum).

From an earlier form "gulsh," related to Middle English gulchen ("to gulp, spew"); probably connected to "gulp."

Various origins: * Patronymic or genitive form of Dane, a variant of Dean. * Borrowed from Dutch Danes, a short form of the personal name Daniel. * Borrowed from Czech and Slovak Daneš.

Borrowed from Japanese, from a verb meaning "to take" or "to pick up" — the one who takes the initiative in the exercise.

From Spanish hidalgo, a contraction of the older phrase hijo de algo, literally "son of something" — meaning a man of some property or standing.