épreuve meaning in English — challenge, crucible, hardship

English meaning

challenge noun A task or situation that tests someone's abilities in a demanding but often rewarding way.
crucible noun A heat-resistant container used to melt metals or heat chemicals at very high temperatures.
hardship noun A period of severe difficulty, suffering, or lack; hard times.
ordeal noun A very difficult, painful, or exhausting experience.
proof noun Evidence or facts that show something is true.
round adjective Shaped like a circle or sphere, with no sharp corners.
test noun A set of questions or tasks used to check someone's knowledge or ability.
trial noun A formal examination of evidence in court to decide whether someone is guilty of a crime or liable in a dispute.

épreuve is used for these senses in English:

challenge A difficult task, especially one that the person making the attempt finds more enjoyable because of that difficulty.
crucible (figuratively) A very difficult and trying experience, that acts as a refining or hardening process.
proof (countable, printing) A proof sheet; a trial impression, as from type, taken for correction or examination.
round A serving of something; a portion of something to each person in a group.
round (sports) One of the specified pre-determined segments of the total time of a sport event, such as a boxing or wrestling match, during which contestants compete before being signaled to stop.
test A challenge, trial.
trial A difficult or annoying experience or person; (especially, religion) such an experience seen as a test of faith and piety.

noun A task or situation that tests someone's abilities in a demanding but often rewarding way.
noun An invitation to a contest, or a questioning of something's validity.
verb To dispute or question something, or to invite someone to a contest.

noun A heat-resistant container used to melt metals or heat chemicals at very high temperatures.
noun A difficult, intense experience that tests or shapes a person's character.

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