Indonesian–English dictionary

penyamaran

The act of disguising.

penyamarataan

The formulation of general concepts from specific instances by abstracting common properties.

penyambung lidah

A person who acts as the voice of another person or a group of people.

penyangga

(sometimes, attributive) Something which supports.

penyanyi

A person who sings, often professionally.

penyatuan

(uncountable, archaic, euphemistic) Sexual intercourse.

penyebab

(countable, often with of, typically of adverse results) The source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result.

penyebaran

The act of disseminating, or the state of being disseminated; diffusion for propagation and permanence; a scattering or spreading abroad, as of ideas, beliefs, etc.

penyebarluasan

The act of disseminating, or the state of being disseminated; diffusion for propagation and permanence; a scattering or spreading abroad, as of ideas, beliefs, etc.

penyebut

(arithmetic) The number or expression written below the line in a fraction (such as 2 in ½).

penyedehanaan kata

Containing or using more words than necessary; long-winded, wordy. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]

penyederhanaan

(mathematics) The rewriting of an expression into a simpler form.

penyediaan

The act of providing, or making previous preparation.

penyelaman

The sport of jumping into water, often acrobatically.

penyelamatan

A rescue, especially a financial rescue.

penyeliaan

(uncountable) The act or instance of supervising.

penyelidikan

The act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up; research, especially patient or thorough inquiry or examination

penyelinap

One who sneaks.

penyelundup

One who smuggles things.

penyembuh

One who heals, especially through faith.

penyensoran

The use of state or group power to control freedom of expression or press, such as passing laws to prevent undesirable media from being published or propagated.

penyentuhan

(music) The particular or characteristic mode of action, or the resistance of the keys of an instrument to the fingers.

penyerahan

The act of capitulating or surrendering to an enemy upon stipulated terms; the act of ceasing to resist an opponent or an unwelcome demand.

penyeranta

A pager (wireless telecommunication device).

penyerap

A device which causes gas or vapor to be absorbed by a liquid. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]

penyerapan

(physiology) in living organisms, the process by which the materials of growth and nutrition are absorbed and conveyed to the tissues and organs; taking in by various means, such as by osmosis. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]

penyerobotan

An act or instance of appropriating.

penyesuaian

The settling or balancing of a financial account

penyetel

One who adjusts something, especially the amount of compensation due in an insurance claim.

penyiar berita

(broadcasting, journalism) One who delivers the news for broadcast on television, radio, etc; a newsreader.

penyidik

One who investigates.

penyihir

(mythology, folklore, fantasy) A magician or wizard. Sometimes specifically male.

penyilangan

(biology) An animal or plant produced by crossbreeding or cross-fertilization.

penyimpangan

The act of deflecting or something deflected.

penyinaran

The act of illuminating, or supplying with light; the state of being illuminated.

penyingkatan

(linguistics) A shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase used to represent the whole, using omission of letters, and sometimes substitution of letters, or duplication of initial letters to signify plurality, including signs such as +, =, @. [Late 16th century.]

penyintas

One who survives, especially one who survives a traumatic experience.

penyitaan

The act of taking possession, as by force or right of law.

penyogokan

The act of giving an illegal payment (a bribe) to a person in an official position as a means of influencing their decisions.

penyokong

(sometimes, attributive) Something which supports.

penyu

Any turtle that inhabits oceans.

penyuapan

The act of giving an illegal payment (a bribe) to a person in an official position as a means of influencing their decisions.

penyuara

An electromechanical transducer that converts an electrical signal into audible sound.

penyuara kuping

A transducer that converts electric signals into sound and is held near the ear, especially as part of a telephone; an earpiece or headphone.

penyucian

A religious act or rite in which a defiled person is made clean or free from sin.

penyuka

A person who is fond of something or someone, especially an admirer of a performer or aficionado of a sport.

penyunting

A person at a newspaper, publisher or similar institution who edits stories and/or decides which ones to publish.

penyusunan

The act of legislating; preparation and enactment of laws.

penyusup

Someone who intrudes.

penyusupan

The forcible inclusion or entry of an external group or individual; the act of intruding.

penyusutan

(accounting) The measurement of the decline in value of assets. Not to be confused with impairment, which is the measurement of the unplanned, extraordinary decline in value of assets.

penziarahan

A journey made to a sacred place, or a religious journey.

pepagan

(countable, uncountable) The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree.

pepatah

A proverb or maxim.

pepaya

A tropical American evergreen tree, Carica papaya, having large, yellow, edible fruit.

pepesan kosong

Speech or writing that is unintelligible, incoherent or meaningless.

per

An elastic mechanical part or device in any shape (e.g., flat, curved, coiled), made of flexible material (usually spring steel) that exerts force and attempts to spring back when bent, compressed, or stretched.

per kapita

Per person.

per kuartal

Once every quarter year (three months).

perabot

(now usually, _, uncountable) Large movable item(s), usually in a room, which enhance(s) the room's characteristics, functionally or decoratively.

perabuan

A vessel for the ashes or cremains of a deceased person.

perabukan

The act of applying fertilizer to soil.

peracun

A person who poisons something or someone.

peradaban

(philosophy) Organized, internally peaceful human society; civilization. [from 17th c.]

peradangan

(pathology) A condition of any part of the body, consisting of congestion of the blood vessels, with obstruction of the blood current, and growth of morbid tissue. It is manifested outwardly by redness and swelling, attended with heat and pain.

peradilan

Judgment and punishment of a party who has allegedly wronged another.

peragawati

(dated) A person who models clothes.

peragian

(biochemistry) Any of many anaerobic biochemical reactions in which an enzyme (or several enzymes produced by a microorganism) catalyses the conversion of one substance into another; especially the conversion (using yeast) of sugars to alcohol or acetic acid with the evolution of carbon dioxide

perairan

Any significant accumulation of water, usually covering the Earth or another planet, such as an ocean, a river, a lake or a bay.

perak

(tincture) The white or silver tincture on a coat of arms.

perakitan

The act or process of putting together a set of pieces, fragments, or elements.

peralatan

(collective) An assortment of tools and instruments.

peralihan

Transitional.

perambatan

(physics) The act of propagating, especially the movement of a wave.

perampatan

The formulation of general concepts from specific instances by abstracting common properties.

perampok

One who robs others in a lawless area, especially as part of a group.

peran

Something given or offered that adds to a larger whole.

peranan

The expected behaviour of an individual in a society.

perancah

A structure made of scaffolding for workers to stand on while working on a building.

Perancis

A country located primarily in Western Europe. Official name: French Republic. Capital and largest city: Paris.

Perang Salib

Any of a series of religious campaigns by Christian forces from the 11th to the 13th century, mostly to capture the Holy Land from the Muslims who occupied it.

perangkat

(collective) An assortment of tools and instruments.

perangkat keras

(computing) The part of a computer that is fixed and cannot be altered without replacement or physical modification; motherboard, expansion cards, etc. Compare software.

perangkat lunak

(computing) Encoded computer instructions, usually modifiable (unless stored in some form of unalterable memory such as ROM).

perangkat lunak jahat

(computing) Software which has been designed to operate in a malicious, undesirable manner.

perangkat pemeras

(computer security) Malware that holds the data of a computer user for ransom, usually requiring or claiming to require payment to restore access.

perangkat pengintai

(Internet) Programs that surreptitiously monitor and report the actions of a computer user. [from 1990s]

perangkat tegar

(computing, software) Software that is intended for such embedded computer applications.

perantara

(informal) Someone who hides or buys and sells stolen goods, a criminal middleman for transactions of stolen goods.

perantauan

The act of emigrating; movement of a person or persons out of a country or national region, for the purpose of permanent relocation of residence.

peranti

A complex machine or instrument.

peranti keras

(computing) The part of a computer that is fixed and cannot be altered without replacement or physical modification; motherboard, expansion cards, etc. Compare software.

peranti lunak

(computing) Encoded computer instructions, usually modifiable (unless stored in some form of unalterable memory such as ROM).

peranti lunak berbahaya

(computing) Software which has been designed to operate in a malicious, undesirable manner.

peranti perusak

(computing) Software which has been designed to operate in a malicious, undesirable manner.

perapian

An open hearth for holding a fire at the base of a chimney.

peras

Often followed by out: to squeeze or twist (something moist) tightly so that liquid is forced out.

perasaan

(psychology) A subjective feeling experienced in response to a thought or other stimulus; mood, emotion, especially as demonstrated in external physical signs. [from 19th c.]

perasat

(medicine) A specific medical or surgical movement, often eponymous, done with the doctor's hands or surgical instruments. [from 18th c.]

peraturan

(countable) A law or administrative rule, issued by an organization, used to guide or prescribe the conduct of members of that organization.

perawan

A female servant or cleaner (short for maidservant).

perawat

A person involved in providing direct care for the sick:

perawatan

(uncountable) The treatment of those in need (especially as a profession).

perayaan

An event or series of special events centred on the celebration or promotion of some theme or aspect of the community, often held at regular intervals.

perayu

One who pursues someone, especially a woman, for a romantic relationship or marriage; a wooer; one who falls in love with or courts someone.

perbaikan

The act of making profitable use or application of anything, or the state of being profitably employed; practical application, for example of a doctrine, principle, or theory, stated in a discourse.

perbandingan

Of or relating to comparison.

perbankan

The business of managing a bank.

perbanyakan

The multiplication or natural increase in a population.

perbatasan

The line or frontier area separating political or geographical regions.

perbedaan

A qualitative or quantitative difference between similar or comparable things.

perbesar

To manipulate a display so as to magnify or shrink it.

perburuan liar

Illegal procurement of protected wildlife such as fish, game, logging, or plant collecting.

percakapan

Expression and exchange of individual ideas through talking with other people; also, a set instance or occasion of such talking. [from 16th c.]

percanggahan

(countable, uncountable) The act of contradicting.

percaya

(transitive) To accept as true, particularly without absolute certainty (i.e., as opposed to knowing).

percepatan

(physics) The change of velocity with respect to time (can include deceleration or changing direction).

perceraian

The legal dissolution of a marriage.

percobaan

The action of trying at something. [1530]

percuma

Unhelpful, not useful; pointless (of an action).

perdagangan

(business) The exchange or buying and selling of commodities; especially the exchange of merchandise, on a large scale, between different places or communities; extended trade or traffic.

perdamaian

Harmony in personal relations.

perdana

Of or belonging to a first family.

perdana menteri

The chief member of the cabinet and head of the government, especially in a parliamentary democracy; often the leader of the majority party.

perdarahan

A heavy release of blood within or from the body.

perdata

(legal) Relating to private relations among citizens, as opposed to criminal matters.

perdebatan

A debate or discussion of opposing opinions; (generally) strife.

peredaran

(narrowly) The movement of the blood in the circulatory system, by which it is brought into close relations with the cells and tissues of the body; (loosely) the circulatory system.

perekam

(computing) A device that allows data or music to be stored on a CDR or CD-ROM.

perekrutan

The process or art of finding candidates for a post in an organization, or recruits for the armed forces.

perempat

(historical) A measure of length; originally a fourth part of an ell, now chiefly a fourth part of a yard. [from 14th c.]

perempuan

Belonging to the sex which typically produces eggs (ova), or to the gender which is typically associated with it. [from 14th c.]

perengkahan

(organic chemistry, petrochemistry) The thermal decomposition of a substance, especially that of crude petroleum in order to produce petrol / gasoline.

peretas

(computer security, telecommunications) One who uses a computer to gain unauthorized access to data stored in, or to carry out malicious attacks on, computer networks or computer systems.

performa

That which is performed or accomplished; a thing done or carried through; an achievement; a deed; an act; a feat; especially, an action of an elaborate or public character.

perfusi

The act of perfusing, the passage of fluid through the circulatory system.

pergantian

(obsolete) A passing from one state to another; change; alteration; mutation.

pergantian kulit

The skin or feathers cast off during the process of moulting.

pergelangan kaki

The skeletal joint which connects the foot with the leg; the uppermost portion of the foot and lowermost portion of the leg, which contain this skeletal joint.

pergelangan tangan

(anatomy) The complex joint between forearm bones, carpus, and metacarpals where the hand is attached to the arm; the carpus in a narrow sense.

pergerakan

Physical motion between points in space.

pergi

(colloquial, dismissal, impolite) Used to rudely tell somebody to go away or leave one alone.

pergi nongkrong

(dated, informal) To be unyielding; to hold out.

perhatian

Something spoken or written that is intended to warn.

perhiasan

A person whose job is making, repairing or selling jewelry.

perhubungan

The act of transporting, or the state of being transported; conveyance, often of people, goods etc.

peri

(mythological creature) A mythical being of human form with magical powers, known in many sizes and descriptions, although often depicted in modern illustrations only as a small sprite with gauze-like wings, especially one that is female. Fairies are revered in some modern forms of paganism.

peri bahasa

(archaic) A saying or proverb.

periang

Without cares or worries; free of concern or worries; without difficulty.

perifer

On the periphery or boundary.