Japanese–English dictionary

草稿

A version of a written work (such as a book or paper) or drawing. · sōkō

草花

(botany) An organism that is not an animal, especially an organism capable of photosynthesis. Typically a small or herbaceous organism of this kind, rather than a tree. · kusabana

草鞋

(footwear) A type of open shoe made up of straps or bands holding a sole to the foot · waraji

草鞋虫

Any of the terrestrial isopod crustaceans of suborder Oniscidea, which have a rigid, segmented exoskeleton, often being capable of rolling into a ball, and feed only on dead plant matter, usually living in damp, dark places, such as under stones or bark. · warajimushi

草食

Of or relating to the type of diet eaten by vegetarians (in all senses). [from 1849] · sōshoku

草食動物

An organism that feeds chiefly on plants; an animal that feeds on herbage or vegetation as the main part of its diet. · sōshokudōbutsu

荊

(botany) A modified branch that is hard and sharp like a spike. · ibara

荒々しい

Harsh, piercing, acerbic or stinging. · araarashii

荒らし

The act of one who trolls (in various senses of provoking others). · arashi

荒らす

(figurative, originally, Internet slang) To post irrelevant or inflammatory statements in an online discussion in an attempt to start a heated argument or to derail a conversation, either for one's personal entertainment or as part of an organized political campaign. [from late 20th c.] · arasu

荒れ

A storm characterized by substantial, heavy rainfall. · are

荒れた

Barren; desert; empty. · areta

荒れ地

An extensive waste covered with patches of heath, and having a poor, light (and usually acidic) soil, but sometimes marshy, and abounding in peat; a heath. (Compare bog, peatland, marsh, swamp, fen.) · arechi

荒れ狂う

(intransitive) To act or speak in heightened anger. · arekuruu

荒唐

Contrary to reason or propriety; obviously and flatly opposed to manifest truth; inconsistent with the plain dictates of common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; silly. [from mid-16th c.] · kōtō

荒地

A place with no remaining resources; a desert. · arechi

荒廃

Something or someone that has been ruined. · kōhai

荒武者

A person who engages in very risky behavior, especially one who is motivated by a craving for excitement or attention. [from 1794] · aramusha

荒涼とした

Drab; dark, colorless, or cheerless.

荒瘠

(figurative) Fruitless, uninspiring, or unproductive.

荒筋

(film) A prose telling of a story intended to be turned into a screenplay; generally longer and more detailed than a treatment. · arasuji

荒野

An extensive waste covered with patches of heath, and having a poor, light (and usually acidic) soil, but sometimes marshy, and abounding in peat; a heath. (Compare bog, peatland, marsh, swamp, fen.) · kōya

荘厳

Having qualities of splendor or royalty. · sōgon

荘周

An influential Chinese philosopher who lived around the 4th century BCE during the Warring States Period.

荘園

A landed estate. · shōen

荘子

An influential Chinese philosopher who lived around the 4th century BCE during the Warring States Period.

荷

A load or burden; cargo. · ni

荷受人

The person to whom a shipment is to be delivered. · niukenin

荷物

A burden; a weight to be carried. · nimotsu

荷車

A small, open, wheeled vehicle, drawn or pushed by a person or animal, often with two wheels on one axle, more often used for transporting goods than passengers. · niguruma

荷重

(physics) A measure of the inertia of a mass of matter, one of four fundamental properties of matter. SI unit of mass: kilogram. · kajuu

荷電

(transitive) To cause to take on an electric charge. · kaden

莢

A pod containing the seeds of certain plants, such as the legume Phaseolus vulgaris. · saya

莫大

Huge, gigantic, very large. · bakudai

菅

A surname of multiple origins. · suge

菊

Any of many flowering perennial plants, of the genus Chrysanthemum, native to China, that have showy radiate heads. · kiku

菊池

A city in Kumamoto prefecture, Japan.

菌類

(mycology) Any member of the kingdom Fungi; a eukaryotic organism typically having chitin cell walls but no chlorophyll or plastids. Fungi may be unicellular or multicellular. · kinrui

菓子

(uncountable) The food group formed by the various kinds of pastries. · kashi

菖蒲

(botany) A group of iris flower species native to or cultivated in East Asia, particularly in Japan, Korea, China, Russia, and Mongolia. Scientifically, the three primary species are Iris ensata, Iris laevigata, and Iris sanguinea. · shōbu

菘

The white root of a yellow-flowered plant, Brassica rapa, grown as a vegetable and as fodder for cattle. · suzuna

菜

Green vegetables; edible plants or plant parts that contain chlorophyll. · na

菜〜

Of or relating to vegetables. · na

菜っ葉

Green vegetables; edible plants or plant parts that contain chlorophyll. · nappa

菜園

(Britain, Ireland, Appalachia, NYC) The grounds at the front or back of a house. · saien

菜食主義

Of or relating to the type of diet eaten by vegetarians (in all senses). [from 1849] · saishokushugi

菜食主義者

A person who does not eat animal flesh, or, in some cases, use any animal products. [from 1839] · saishokushugisha

菠薐草

A particular edible plant, Spinacia oleracea, or its leaves. · hōrensō

菩提

(Buddhism) The state of enlightenment that finally ends the cycle of death and rebirth and leads to nirvana. · bodai

菫

A en given name. · sumire

菫色

The color of most violets; the colour evoked by the shortest visible wavelengths between 380 and 435 nm, an additive tertiary colour. · sumireiro

華やか

(dated) Festive, bright, or colourful. · hanayaka

華族

A peer; an aristocrat; ranks range from baron to king to emperor. · kazoku

華氏

Describing a temperature scale originally defined as having 0°F as the lowest temperature obtainable with a mixture of ice and salt, and 96°F as the temperature of the human body, and now defined with 32°F equal to 0°C, and each degree Fahrenheit equal to 5/9 of a degree Celsius or 5/9 kelvin. · kashi

華華しい

Amazing or worthy of special notice. · hanabanashii

華語

Standard Mandarin, an official language of China and Taiwan, and one of four official languages in Singapore; Putonghua, Guoyu or Huayu. · kago

華麗

(of a person or place, sometimes, endearing) Very beautiful. · karei

菱

(shapes, heraldiccharge) A thin rhombus, having two acute and two obtuse angles. · hishi

菱マンガン鉱

(mineral) A crystalline mineral composed mainly of manganese carbonate MnCO3. · ryōmangankō

菱形

(geometry) A parallelogram having all sides of equal length. [from 16th c.] · hishigata

萌え

(fandom slang) Strong interest in, and especially fetishistic attraction towards, fictional characters in anime, manga, video games, and/or similar media. · moe

萌える

(intransitive, archaic) Of plants, to bloom, bud. · moeru

萌芽更新

A grove of small growth; a thicket of brushwood; a wood cut at certain times for fuel or other purposes, typically managed to promote growth and ensure a reliable supply of timber. See copse. · hōgakōshin

萼

(botany) The outermost whorl of flower parts, comprising the sepals, which covers and protects the petals as they develop. · gaku

萼片

(botany) One of the component parts of the calyx, particularly when such components are not fused into a single structure. · gakuhen

落し主

A person who loses; one who fails to win or thrive. · otoshinushi

落し穴

(figurative) A potential, unsuspected, hidden problem, hazard, or danger that is easily encountered but not immediately obvious. · otoshiana

落ちる

To move to a lower position under the effect of gravity. · ochiru

落ち着かせる

(transitive) To make something less severe or tense.

落ち着く

(transitive) To cause to become less excited, intense, or angry. · ochitsuku

落ち零れ

Someone who has opted out of conventional society. · ochikobore

落とし主

A person who loses; one who fails to win or thrive. · otoshinushi

落とし穴

Formerly, that part of a theatre, on the floor of the house, below the level of the stage and behind the orchestra; now, in England, commonly the part behind the stalls; in the United States, the parquet; also, the occupants of such a part of a theatre. · otoshiana

落とす

(transitive, ergative, also, figuratively) To let (something) fall; to allow (something) to fall (either by releasing hold of, or losing one's grip on). [from 14th c.] · otosu

落下

To move to a lower position under the effect of gravity. · rakka

落下傘

(aviation) A device, generally constructed from fabric, that is designed to employ air resistance to control the fall of an object or person, causing them to float instead of falling. · rakkasan

落下傘降下

The sport or activity of jumping with a parachute.

落下物

The event of small airborne particles falling to the ground in significant quantities as a result of major industrial activity, volcano eruption, sandstorm, nuclear explosion, etc. · rakkabutsu

落書き

A small mindless sketch, etc. · rakugaki

落穴

(figurative) A potential, unsuspected, hidden problem, hazard, or danger that is easily encountered but not immediately obvious.

落胆

(transitive) To extinguish the courage of; to dishearten; to depress the spirits of; to deprive of confidence; to deject. · rakutan

落胆した

Sad and dispirited.

落花狼藉

(countable, uncountable) A scene of great disorder or ruin. · rakkarōzeki

落花生

A legume resembling a nut, the fruit of the plant Arachis hypogaea, native to South America. · rakkasei

落葉樹

(botany) Of or pertaining to trees which lose their leaves in winter or the dry season. · rakuyōju

落語

(comedy) A long series of comic stories and jokes as an entertainment. · rakugo

落雷

A lightning spark, i.e., a lightning bolt. · rakurai

葉

(publishing, bookbinding, advertising) A sheet of a book, magazine, etc. (consisting of two pages, one on each face of the leaf). · ha

葉っぱ

(uncountable, slang) Marijuana. · happa

葉巻

A cylinder of tobacco rolled and wrapped with an outer covering of tobacco leaves, intended to be smoked. · hamaki

葉書

(post) A rectangular piece of thick paper or thin cardboard, typically used for sending messages by mail without the need for an envelope. · hagaki

葉月

The eighth month of the Roman, Julian, and Gregorian calendars, following July and preceding September. · hazuki

葉緑素

(biochemistry) Any of a group of green pigments that are found in the chloroplasts of plants and in other photosynthetic organisms such as cyanobacteria. · yōryokuso

著

Not later than (the given time); not later than the end of (the given time interval). · cho

著しい

Standing out, or projecting; jutting; protuberant. · ichijirushii

著す

(chiefly, US, sometimes, proscribed) To create a work as its author. · arawasu

著作

(countable) A literary, artistic, or intellectual production; a creative work. · chosaku

著作権

(uncountable) The right by law to be the entity which determines who may publish, copy and distribute a piece of writing, music, picture or other work of authorship. · chosakuken

著作権侵害

(copyright) The unauthorized use of copyrighted material in a manner that violates one of the copyright owner's exclusive rights, such as the right to reproduce or perform the copyrighted work, or to make derivative works that build upon it. · chosakukenshingai

著名

(of a person) Distinguished, important, noteworthy. · chomei

著名人

An exceptionally talented or famous person, often in a specific field; a celebrity. · chomeijin

著者

The originator or creator of a work, especially of a literary composition; or, one of the creators of a collaborative work. · chosha

葛󠄀城

A city in Osaka Prefecture, Japan.

葡国

A country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula. Official name: Portuguese Republic. Capital and largest city: Lisbon.

葡萄の蔓

The plant, a vine of genus Vitis, on which grapes grow.

葡萄味

Containing grapes or having a grape flavor.

葡萄園

A grape plantation, especially one used in the production of wine. · budōen

葡萄牙

A country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula. Official name: Portuguese Republic. Capital and largest city: Lisbon. · porutogaru

葡萄球菌

A spherical gram-positive parasitic bacterium of the genus Staphylococcus, causing blisters, septicemia, and other infections. · budōkyuukin

葡萄畑

A grape plantation, especially one used in the production of wine. · budōbatake

葡萄糖

(carbohydrate) A simple monosaccharide (sugar) with a molecular formula of C6H12O6; it is a principle source of energy for cellular metabolism. · budōtō

葡萄色

(countable, uncountable) A dark purplish-red colour, the colour of many grapes. · budōiro

葡萄酒

An alcoholic beverage made by fermenting grape juice, with an ABV ranging from 5.5–16%. · budōshu

葡語

A Romance language originating in Portugal, and now the official language of Portugal, Angola, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guiné Bissau (Guinea-Bissau), Cape Verde, East Timor, and Brazil. · pogo

葦

(countable) Any of various types of tall stiff perennial grass-like plants growing together in groups near water. · ashi

葫

A plant, Allium sativum, related to the onion, having a pungent bulb much used in cooking. · ninniku

葬る

To ritualistically inter in a grave or tomb. · hōmuru

葬儀

A ceremony to honor and remember a deceased person, often distinguished from a memorial service by the presence of the body of the deceased. · sōgi

葬儀屋

A funeral director; someone whose business is to manage funerals, burials and cremations. · sōgiya

葬式

A ceremony to honor and remember a deceased person, often distinguished from a memorial service by the presence of the body of the deceased. · sōshiki

葱

A vegetable of variety Allium ampeloprasum, having edible leaves and an onion-like bulb but with a milder flavour than the onion. · negi

葵

Any of several flowering plants of the genus Alcea in the Malvaceae family. · aoi

蒔く

(transitive) To sow and scatter principles, ideas, opinions, etc, or concrete things, for growth and propagation, like seeds. · maku

蒔蘿

Anethum graveolens (the type species of the genus Anethum), a herb, the seeds of which are moderately warming, pungent, and aromatic, formerly used as a soothing medicine for children; also known as dillseed.

蒙古

A country in East Asia. Capital and largest city: Ulaanbaatar. · mōko

蒙古人

(countable) A native or inhabitant of Mongolia. · mōkojin

蒙古人種

(anthropology, dated) A member of the racial classification of humanity composed of peoples native to North Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Pacific Oceania, the Americas, and parts of Central Asia and South Asia (and sometimes eastern Fennoscandia) – as well as their descendants in other parts of the world. · mōkojinshu

蒙古語

(uncountable) A group of languages from Mongolia, specifically Khalkha, the official language of Mongolia. · mōkogo

蒜

A plant, Allium sativum, related to the onion, having a pungent bulb much used in cooking. · ninniku

蒲公英

(countable) Any of the several species of plant in the genus Taraxacum, characterised by yellow flower heads and notched, broad-ended leaves, especially the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). · tanpopo

蒴果

(botany) A type of simple, dehiscent, dry fruit (seed-case) produced by many species of flowering plants, such as poppy, lily, orchid, willow and cotton. · sakuka

蒸ける

(ambitransitive) To prepare food for eating by heating it, often combining with other ingredients. · fukeru

蒸し

Cooked by steaming. · mushi

蒸し器

(cookware) A cooking appliance that cooks by steaming. · mushiki

蒸し暑い

(of weather) Hot and humid. · mushiatsui

蒸し焼き

Food, such as a stew, cooked in such a dish. · mushiyaki

蒸す

(cooking) To cook in a small amount of liquid, in a covered pan, somewhere between steaming and boiling. · musu

蒸気

Any mass of dust, steam or smoke resembling such a mass. · jōki

蒸気ローラー

(historical) A steam-powered heavy road roller.

蒸気船

A boat or vessel propelled by steam power. · jōkisen

蒸留

To heat (a substance, usually a liquid) so that a vapour is produced, and then to cool the vapour so that it condenses back into a liquid, either to purify the original substance or to obtain one of its components; to subject to distillation. · jōryuu

蒸留器

A device for distilling liquids. · jōryuuki

蒸発

(ergative) To transition from a liquid state into a gaseous state. · jōhatsu

蓄える

To keep in store for future or special use. · takuwaeru

蓄積

(intransitive) To gradually grow or increase in quantity or number. · chikuseki

蓄電池

(British) A wet-cell storage battery. · chikudenchi

蓄音機

(British, historical) A device that records or plays sound from cylinder records. · chikuonki

蓋

A protective cover or seal. · futa

蓋然性

The relative likelihood of an event happening. · gaizensei

蓚

Any of various plants with acidic leaves of the genus Rumex, especially