backbone

The word “backbone” means the column of connected vertebrae running down the back that protects the spinal cord. In plain terms, the spine, or figuratively, the main support of something or someone's inner courage.

“Backbone” is pronounced BAK-bohn (/ˈbækˌboʊn/ in IPA).

Here is “backbone” used in a sentence: “The X-ray showed no fractures along her backbone.”

Words with a similar meaning to “backbone” include spine, spinal column and vertebral column.

“Backbone” is a noun.

The word “backbone” comes from Middle English. From Middle English bakbon, a compound of back and bone.

“Backbone” is an uncommon word in modern English.

“Backbone” has 3 distinct senses listed in this dictionary. The most common is: the column of connected vertebrae running down the back that protects the spinal cord.

Backbone and spine both literally refer to the column of connected vertebrae running down the back and are often used interchangeably. Figuratively, backbone more commonly describes the essential support of a system or a person's courage and firmness of character, while spine appears somewhat less often in these figurative senses.

When applied to infrastructure or organizations, backbone refers to the essential support or core structure that everything else depends on, such as a 'backbone network' in telecommunications. It signals that the element described is fundamental and load-bearing rather than optional.

Saying someone has backbone means they show firmness of character and courage, especially when facing pressure or difficulty. It's typically used as a compliment, contrasting with being weak-willed or easily swayed, drawing on the physical backbone's role as a source of structural strength.