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Etymology — The origins of English words

Where do words come from? Trace the origin and history of any English word, from its Latin, Greek or Old English roots through to its modern meaning. Every etymology is sourced.

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varve
Origin
Borrowed from Swedish varv (“layer”).
vilipend
Origin
From Middle English vilipenden (“to treat (something) as contemptible”) [and other forms], from Old French vilipender (modern French vilipender (“to condemn, despise, revile, scorn, vilipend, vilify”)), or its etymon Latin vilipendō, from vīlis (“cheap, inexpensive; base, mean, vile, worthless”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to buy, sell”)) + pendō (“to hang, suspend; to weigh, weigh out; (figuratively) to consider, ponder”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pend- (“to stretch”)). The English word is cognate with Italian vilipendere (“to despise, scorn, vilipend”), Portuguese vilipendiar (“to vilify”), Spanish vilipendiar (“to vilify”).
viscerosensory
Origin
From viscero- + sensory.
unmusical
Origin
From un- + musical.
uttermost
Origin
From Middle English, alteration of uttermest. Compare inmost and innermost.
velleity
Origin
From Medieval Latin velleitās, from Latin velle (“wish, will”).
unhesitating
Origin
From un- + hesitating.
wandwork
Origin
From wand + work.
versaillais
Origin
Borrowed from French versaillais, from Versailles + -ais. Doublet of Versaillese.
unhex
Origin
From un- + hex.
unionized
Origin
From unionize, from union + -ize.
victoriana
Origin
From Victoria + -ana (“collection”).
unhitch
Origin
From un- + hitch.
unwisely
Origin
From Middle English vnwysely, vnwisely, vnwyseliche, from Old English unwīslīċe (“unwisely, foolish”), equivalent to un- + wisely.
vermicelli
Origin
From Italian vermicelli, plural of vermicello (“little worm”), from verme (“worm”), from Latin vermis + -cello (“diminutive suffix”).
untogetherness
Origin
From untogether + -ness.
unperpetual
Origin
From un- + perpetual.
unfrequent
Origin
From un- (not) + frequent.
victual
Origin
From Middle English vitaile, vitaylle (“food; food and drink, especially as needed for sustenance; (usually in the plural) food and drink stores or supplies; rations; provision of food and drink as a military stipend; crops”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman vitaile, vitaille [and other forms] and Old French vitaile, vitaille, victaille (“food, provisions, victuals”) [and other forms] (modern French victuaille), from Late Latin vīctuālia, the neuter plural of vīctuālis (“nutritional”), from Latin vīctus (“that which sustains life, diet, nourishment, provision”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship from nouns). Vīctus is derived from vīvō (“to live; to be alive, survive; to reside in”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”)) + -tus (suffix forming action nouns from verbs). The spelling of the modern English and French words has been influenced by Late Latin vīctuālia, though the pronunciation of the Middle English, Anglo-Norman, and Middle French words has been retained.
weatherproof
Origin
From weather + -proof.
unpersuade
Origin
From un- + persuade.
vegetal
Origin
Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin vegetālis, from Latin vegetō.
unholiday
Origin
From un- + holiday.
wastebin
Origin
From waste + bin.