persecution

The word “persecution” means cruel or unfair treatment over time, especially aimed at a particular group. In plain terms, the ongoing mistreatment of a person or group, often because of race, religion, or beliefs.

“Persecution” is pronounced pur-suh-KYOO-shuhn (/ˌpɝsəˈkjuʃən/ in IPA).

Here is “persecution” used in a sentence: “The novel is based on the persecution of refugees during the war.”

“Persecution” is a noun.

The word “persecution” comes from Latin. From Old French persecucion, ultimately from Latin persequi ("to pursue").

“Persecution” is a fairly common word in modern English, usually learned at around the C1 level.

Discrimination refers to unfair treatment based on a person's group identity, which can be a single act or a general bias. Persecution is more severe and sustained: it involves cruel or unfair treatment over time, often systematic, and specifically targets a particular group. In other words, persecution usually implies ongoing harm, while discrimination can be a one-off unfair decision.

Religious persecution is cruel or unfair treatment directed at people because of their faith or religious practice. It can range from social exclusion and job discrimination to violence, and it typically continues over an extended period rather than occurring as an isolated incident.

No, persecution does not have to involve physical violence. It covers any cruel or unfair treatment aimed at a particular group, which can include harassment, exclusion, legal restrictions, or economic hardship, as well as physical harm.